Pulmonology

Machine learning-based prognostic model for local control prediction in lung cancer patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy: a preliminary study.

PURPOSE: Predicting local recurrence after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for lung cancer remains challenging. This study aims to develop a machine learning (ML)-based prognostic model for local control (LC) prediction by comparing different ML algorithms. METHODS: Clinical data from 158 lung cancer patients treated with SBRT were retrospectively analyzed. Six ML methods, including Bor...

Deep Learning-based Estimated Pulmonary Biological Age from Chest CT Images in Healthy Adults: a model development and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Estimated pulmonary biological age (ePBA) has emerged as a more reliable indicator for disease progression and mortality than chronological age, with chest CT as a promising tool for calculating ePBA. However, the lack of models trained and validated with large-scale healthy adults hinders the generalizability of the CT-based ePBA. OBJECTIVE: To develop an ageing biomarker (ePBA) from ...

Molecular modelling assisted identification of novel Benzoxazole derivatives as hit molecules targeting Mycobacterial Membrane Protein Large 3 (MmpL3).

MmpL3 protein plays a vital role in cell wall synthesis in Mycobacterium. Novel benzoxazole carboxamide derivatives were designed to inhibit cell wall...

Pulmonary Obstruction and Age, Not Activity, Associate With Muscle Oxidative Impairment in Smokers With and Without COPD.

BACKGROUND: Low muscle oxidative capacity is an extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with unclear aetiology. W...

Multi-omics predicts radiotherapy response in small cell lung cancer patients receiving whole brain irradiation.

OBJECTIVE: Dosiomics and radiomics elaborate the low-and high-order features extracted from images to predict clinical outcomes. Whole-brain radiother...

Evaluating the impact of deep learning-based image denoising on low-dose CT for lung cancer screening.

PURPOSE: Low-dose CT (LDCT) is increasingly being adopted as a preferred method for lung cancer screening. However, the accompanying rise in image noi...

The Immuno-Metabolic Crosstalk in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Prognostic Insights and Therapeutic Clues.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) has a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective targeted therapies, and its incidence has increased dramatically...

Artificial Intelligence-derived Measurements of Myosteatosis from Coronary Artery Calcium CT Scans to Predict COPD: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Purpose To evaluate the predictive value of myosteatosis as an opportunistic finding in coronary artery calcium (CAC) CT scans for clinically diagnose...

Deep learning-based lung volume estimation with dynamic chest radiography.

BACKGROUND: Dynamic chest radiography (DCR) is a recently developed low-dose pulmonary functional imaging method that can be performed in a general X-...

Filling the Gaps in Health Data: Using a Machine Learning Approach to Augment Partially Observed Variables Such as Smoking in Claims Data.

PURPOSE: Missing information is common in real-world claims data, particularly on behavioral confounders, for example, smoking. Often one category of ...

Classification of lung nodules in CT images based upon a multiplane dense inception network.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer has been one of the leading causes of death in the world for decades. An effective computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme for l...

Multi-omics and machine learning-based profiling of severity signatures in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory infection in children; however, the mechanisms driving its progression to severe disease...

C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 3 as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease globally, yet reliable biomarkers for its diagnosis and progression asse...

Oxidative stress-associated genes TPPP3 and VEGFA in COPD revealed by bulk and single-cell sequencing analysis.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and is closely linked to oxidative stress. This study aim...

Discovery of High-Performance Ni0.62Fe0.23Ce0.15O Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction via Active Machine Learning.

Heteroatom-doped transition metal oxides (H-TMOs) are regarded as a promising class of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Howev...

Theory-Driven Experimental Discovery of M-N-C Electrocatalysts.

ConspectusAtomically dispersed M-N-C catalysts, owing to their high metal utilization and well-defined local structure, have been extensively applied ...

Health trajectories of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis before and after initiation of non-invasive ventilation: a French nationwide database analysis.

BACKGROUND: Management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is complicated by heterogeneous presentation and unpredictable disease course. This stud...

Identification of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma through integrated bioinformatics analysis and real time PCR validation.

Lung cancer is the third most common cancer in the US with a 5-year survival rate of 17%. Non-small cell lung cancer, especially adenocarcinoma, preva...

Leveraging universal and transfer learning models for influenza prediction in Thailand.

Influenza is a major respiratory disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accurate predictions of influenza incidence enable...

Group equivariant pyramid network for respiratory motion correction on PET image.

INTRODUCTION: Respiratory-induced artefacts cause blurring in PET images, impairing lesion identification and diagnosis. Existing correction methods e...