Radiology

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Historical Perspectives in Medicine using a Large Language Model: Emulating an 18th Century Physician

Introduction Eighteenth century medical texts document a formative period in the evolution of clinic...

Supervise-assisted Multi-modality Fusion Diffusion Model for PET Restoration

Positron emission tomography (PET) offers powerful functional imaging but involves radiation exposur...

Brain Tumor Classifiers Under Attack: Robustness of ResNet Variants Against Transferable FGSM and PGD Attacks

Adversarial robustness in deep learning models for brain tumor classification remains an underexplor...

GR-Diffusion: 3D Gaussian Representation Meets Diffusion in Whole-Body PET Reconstruction

Positron emission tomography (PET) reconstruction is a critical challenge in molecular imaging, ofte...

Right for the Wrong Reasons: Epistemic Regret Minimization for Causal Rung Collapse in LLMs

Machine learning systems that are "right for the wrong reasons" achieve high performance through sho...

Semantically Conditioned Diffusion Models for Cerebral DSA Synthesis

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) plays a central role in the diagnosis and treatment of cerebro...

Fighting MRI Anisotropy: Learning Multiple Cardiac Shapes From a Single Implicit Neural Representation

The anisotropic nature of short-axis (SAX) cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) limits c...

Enhanced Portable Ultra Low-Field Diffusion Tensor Imaging with Bayesian Artifact Correction and Deep Learning-Based Super-Resolution

Portable, ultra-low-field (ULF) magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to expand access to neu...

Comp2Comp: Open-Source Software with FDA-Cleared Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Computed Tomography Image Analysis

Artificial intelligence allows automatic extraction of imaging biomarkers from already-acquired radi...

Semi-supervised Liver Segmentation and Patch-based Fibrosis Staging with Registration-aided Multi-parametric MRI

Liver fibrosis poses a substantial challenge in clinical practice, emphasizing the necessity for pre...

Explainability in Generative Medical Diffusion Models: A Faithfulness-Based Analysis on MRI Synthesis

This study investigates the explainability of generative diffusion models in the context of medical ...

Simple Image Processing and Similarity Measures Can Link Data Samples across Databases through Brain MRI

Head Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is routinely collected and shared for research under strict re...

An Exploratory Study of ResNet and Capsule Neural Networks for Brain Tumor Detection in MRI

Brain tumors are one of the most life-threatening diseases, requiring precise and timely detection f...

Multimodal Machine Learning Reveals the Genomic and Proteomic Architecture of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) affects over 30 million people and lacks dise...

GRAD: A Two-Stage Algorithm for Resolving Diagnostic Uncertainty in the Plasma p-tau217 Gray Zone

Introduction: Plasma phosphorylated tau-217 is widely used as a plasma-based biomarker for Alzheimer...

Efficient Brain Extraction of MRI Scans with Mild to Moderate Neuropathology

Skull stripping magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the human brain is an important process in many i...

Any-to-All MRI Synthesis: A Unified Foundation Model for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Downstream Applications

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) radiotherapy (RT), ...

Back to Physics: Operator-Guided Generative Paths for SMS MRI Reconstruction

Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging with in-plane undersampling enables highly accelerated MRI bu...

Multimodal normative modeling in Alzheimers Disease with introspective variational autoencoders

Normative modeling learns a healthy reference distribution and quantifies subject-specific deviation...

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