Rheumatology

Finding Associative and Causal Effects of Temporal Changes in Health Features for Prevalent and Incident Cancer in Males: A Machine Learning Approach.

Cancer remains a major public health challenge driven by complex interactions among sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and environmental factors. This study investigated how temporal changes in health-related features are associated to prevalent and causally related to incident cancer cases, using longitudinal data from 6,409 male participants in the Atlantic Partnership for Tomorrow's Health...

Extraction of Endoscopic Markers from Clinical Notes in Italian Patients with Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis Using Small Language Models.

While Large Language Models (LLMs) hold great potential for clinical applications, their use is limited by concerns regarding data privacy, high computational demand, and the risk of hallucinations. Small Language Models (SLMs) are a promising solution, enabling efficient and secure on-device processing. This study presents the application of a local IT5 model finetuned to extract endoscopic marke...

Ontology-Enriched Guidelines Retrieval for Complex Rheumatological Cases.

Large language models (LLMs) integrated with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can enhance clinical decision support and triage. However, semantic ...

Combining Anti-Hallucination Strategies for Reliable LLM-Based Clinical Information Extraction.

We present a novel LLM-based approach for medical concept extraction that combines multiple anti-hallucination strategies. Our Streamlit web applicati...

Automated ultrasound with AI for osteophyte grading in hand osteoarthritis: comparison with expert rheumatologist assessment.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to characterise the agreement of the CE-certified automated robotic ultrasound system ARTHUR v.2.0, combin...

NATURal history of coronary PlaquE on cardiac computed tomography in individuals without MACE or lipid-lowering therapy: NATURE-CTstudy.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) progression has been examined mainly in cohorts enriched for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a h...

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicity: Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, and Clinical Impact.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a class of novel anticancer agents that enhance T cell-mediated recognition and elimination of tumor cel...

Assessing Extracellular Vesicle Proteins as Predictive Biomarkers for Developing Type 1 Diabetes.

Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered excellent sources for biomarker discovery since they carry signatures of their cellular origin and ...

Artificial intelligence in the care of systemic lupus erythematosus: Current capabilities and translational barriers.

BackgroundThe clinical heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus exceeds the resolution of conventional disease activity instruments. Artificial i...

Genetic and immunological determinants of Pemphigus vulgaris: integrative analysis of HLA-DRB1 and FCGR2B variants.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune blistering disease mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies. Although both HLA and non-HLA loci contribute t...

Computational models for the classification of antibody specificity using heavy chain features.

BACKGROUND: Antibodies play a critical role in immune defense, with their antigen specificity primarily governed by the unique sequences of their heav...

SLA and DDX60L as potential diagnostic biomarkers for subclinical atherosclerosis in systemic lupus erythematosus: a transcriptomic and clinical validation study.

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients face a 5-tenfold increased risk of atherosclerosis (AS), with subclinical lesions often progre...

Machine Learning to Predict Outcomes of Anti-VEGF Therapy in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

OBJECTIVE: To develop machine learning models using OCT fluid metrics to predict long-term anti-VEGF treatment intensity and visual acuity (VA) outcom...

Bufalin targets E2F2 to transcriptionally inhibit LINC01410 and suppress Wnt/β-catenin signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Bufalin, a main active monomer component extracted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine toad venom, exhibits potent anti-tumour activity across diver...

Dendrobine inhibits the growth and invasion of human breast cancer cells by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway via the SLC6A9 target.

Dendrobine exhibits notable anti-tumor activity against breast cancer (BRCA). In this study, we integrated network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and e...

cGAS-STING pathway regulated by spatiotemporal heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment and precision therapy strategies in lung cancer.

The cGAS-STING pathway is a central regulator of innate immunity and exhibits a complex dual function in lung cancer: it can activate anti-tumor immun...

Machine Learning-Enhanced Autoantibody Discovery and Diagnostics in Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.

The growing implementation of machine learning (ML) has extended into autoantibody research for the study of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (S...

Remission, Relapse, and Thyroid-Related Parameters Measurement at Discontinuation of Low-Dose Anti-Thyroid Drugs in Graves' Disease.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between thyroid-related parameters and the prognosis of Graves' disease (GD). METHODS: This...

Artificial Intelligence-based Online Symptom Assessment Tools for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) diagnosis: Patient Perspectives.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to identify perceptions of SLE patients regarding artificial intelligence (AI)-based online symptom assess...

Automatic choroid plexus assessment in SLE: a deep learning-enabled study.

PURPOSE: This study developed a deep learning model for automated choroid plexus (ChP) segmentation and examined its relationship with systemic inflam...