Rheumatology

An update on the developments and challenges with the diagnosis and classification of autoimmune optic neuritis.

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune optic neuritis (ON) is a heterogeneous spectrum that includes multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), myelin oligodendrocytes glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and rarer etiologies. Early and accurate attribution at the first attack is clinically decisive as treatment pathways diverge. AREAS COVERED: This review synthesizes...

Disease-specific crosstalk of Alistipes with lipoprotein profiles in overweight individuals at high cardiometabolic risk.

Metabolic syndrome (MS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) represent two pathophysiologically distinct chronic conditions associated with elevated cardiovascular risk. Emerging evidence links gut microbiota to host lipid metabolism and lipoprotein function. This investigation aimed to analyze disease-specific relations between gut microbiota and an advanced lipoprotein profiling in an overweig...

Diagnostic model and identification of IGFBP2 as an aging-related biomarker and therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease through integrated bioinformatics and machine learning approaches.

BACKGROUND: Cellular senescence is a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). Ho...

Machine Learning for MRI Classification of Systemic Lupus Erythematous Patients with and without Neuropsychiatric Events.

To provide a useful and practical Machine Learning framework to facilitate the diagnosis of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE) and ...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in rheumatology: a comparative evaluation of the ChatGPT and DeepSeek application.

Leveraging natural language processing and machine learning to identify chronic conditions from primary care electronic medical records.

Primary care electronic medical records (EMRs) contain rich data that can support proactive identification of chronic health conditions. However, leve...

Noninvasive Staging of Hepatic Fibrosis in Patients with Autoimmune Liver Disease Using Deep Learning.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Accurate staging of hepatic fibrosis is essential for guiding immunosuppressive and antifibrotic therapies. However, percuta...

Phenotypic clustering of cardiovascular risk profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify distinct cardiovascular risk phenotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using an unsupervised cluster anal...

Multicentre development and validation of data-driven claims-based algorithms for identifying dermatomyositis and polymyositis in Japan.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate data-driven algorithms for identifying patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) using Japanese admi...

Training the diagnostic artificial intelligence in thyroid sonography: how well is deep learning truly learning?

INTRODUCTION: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) for TI-RADS classification in neck sonography for the assessment of thyroid nodules has been pro...

Computational Evolution of Anti-PD-1 Antibodies Induces Structural Refolding for High-Affinity Interactions.

Checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis are key immunotherapies, but the dynamic and flexible nature of PD-1 complicates rational antibody...

Sjögren's syndrome-focusassist: lymphocytic focus assessment in Sjögren's syndrome: a deep learning and spatial analysis approach.

Development and validation of a machine learning stratified prediction model for early warning of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury risk based on real-world data: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and validate stratified machine learning models for early prediction of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver in...

Updates on Kidney Transplantation From the World Transplant Congress 2025.

The World Transplant Congress 2025 showcased pivotal advances shaping the future of transplantation. Global efforts to expand access to transplantatio...

Information-Guided Fusion of Multimodal Vibrational Spectroscopy for Disease Diagnosis Based on Symbiotic Attention Decoupled Contrastive Learning.

Vibrational spectroscopy has gained significant attention in medical diagnosis due to its high sensitivity and nondestructive nature. Raman spectrosco...

Performance of large language models in answering frequently-asked questions on celiac disease.

OBJECTIVES: Celiac disease (CeD) is a common autoimmune condition requiring lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). Patients and caregivers in...

Brain imaging reveals hierarchical topology changes and stage-dependent impairments in autoimmune encephalitis.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune encephalitis is a rapidly progressing neurological disorder caused by aberrant immune responses against neural antigens. It pre...

Unraveling the Mechanistic Spectrum of Myhre Syndrome: SMAD4 Signaling Disruption, Skeletal Phenotypes, and Translational Innovation.

Myhre syndrome (MYHRS) is an ultra-rare, progressive multisystem disorder caused by recurrent heterozygous missense variants in the SMAD4 gene, a cent...

Machine learning model predicts prognosis in SARS-CoV-2-infected autoimmune encephalitis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the neurological prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (S...

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors for gout: Applications and novel drug development.

Hyperuricemia is a well-established direct trigger of gouty arthritis. Xanthine oxidase (XO), the rate-limiting enzyme in uric acid production, repres...