Rheumatology

Enhydrin from yacon attenuates atherosclerosis by modulating the FABP5/PPARγ/ABCA1 axis: An integrated multi-omics and in vivo validation.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism drives atherosclerosis (AS). Yacon, an Andean lipid-modulating tuber, exerts anti-AS potential, but mechanisms remain unclear. We integrated network pharmacology, machine learning, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and in vivo validation to explore its anti-AS effects and targets. Active constituents and targets were curated from literature, TCMSP, and SwissTarg...

Substituent-modulated adaptive aromaticity in NHC-pyrrolyl cations: a combined DFT and machine learning study.

The stabilization of 4π-electron systems remains a fundamental challenge in chemistry, stemming from their intrinsic antiaromaticity and thermodynamic instability as dictated by Hückel's rule. A recent experimental study has demonstrated that rational molecular design using N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) can surmount these limitations by inducing aromaticity. However, the issue of T1 aromaticity i...

Cyclosporine in hematological disorders: mechanisms, clinical practice and emerging advances.

Cyclosporine A (CsA) functions as a calcineurin inhibitor that perturbs T cell activation via calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells (CaN-NFA...

AI-based histopathology analysis predicts checkpoint inhibitor response in advanced melanoma and identifies patterns associated with response.

INTRODUCTION: Readily available predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) response in advanced melanoma are limited. This study eval...

Development, validation, and implementation of the antibody-secreting cell maturity index: Universal prediction of human plasma cell maturity.

Defining the maturity of long-lived antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is important for vaccine optimization and research into autoimmune diseases, but c...

AI-enabled, enzyme-integrated photonic crystal sensor for real-time noninvasive visual uric acid detection.

Since uric acid (UA) serves as a critical biomarker for diagnosing metabolic disorders such as gout and hyperuricemia, developing noninvasive optical ...

Phage ImmunoPrecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq) in autoimmunity research: From high-resolution epitope mapping to multi-omics integration.

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) affect 5-10% of the global population, yet effective diagnosis and treatment remain challenging due to their complexity and...

Disorganization of inner retinal layers and disruption of outer retinal layers as predictors of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment outcomes in diabetic macular edema: A scoping review.

We systematically map the evidence on optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers-mainly disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL), disrupt...

Effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation using AI-guided exercise and pain neuroscience education for fibromyalgia (FIBROIA): Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition characterized by widespread pain and cognitive dysfunction, with pharmacological treatments off...

Finding Associative and Causal Effects of Temporal Changes in Health Features for Prevalent and Incident Cancer in Males: A Machine Learning Approach.

Cancer remains a major public health challenge driven by complex interactions among sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical, and environmental factors....

Extraction of Endoscopic Markers from Clinical Notes in Italian Patients with Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis Using Small Language Models.

While Large Language Models (LLMs) hold great potential for clinical applications, their use is limited by concerns regarding data privacy, high compu...

Ontology-Enriched Guidelines Retrieval for Complex Rheumatological Cases.

Large language models (LLMs) integrated with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can enhance clinical decision support and triage. However, semantic ...

Combining Anti-Hallucination Strategies for Reliable LLM-Based Clinical Information Extraction.

We present a novel LLM-based approach for medical concept extraction that combines multiple anti-hallucination strategies. Our Streamlit web applicati...

Automated ultrasound with AI for osteophyte grading in hand osteoarthritis: comparison with expert rheumatologist assessment.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to characterise the agreement of the CE-certified automated robotic ultrasound system ARTHUR v.2.0, combin...

NATURal history of coronary PlaquE on cardiac computed tomography in individuals without MACE or lipid-lowering therapy: NATURE-CTstudy.

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) progression has been examined mainly in cohorts enriched for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), a h...

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiovascular Toxicity: Mechanisms, Clinical Manifestations, and Clinical Impact.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent a class of novel anticancer agents that enhance T cell-mediated recognition and elimination of tumor cel...

Assessing Extracellular Vesicle Proteins as Predictive Biomarkers for Developing Type 1 Diabetes.

Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered excellent sources for biomarker discovery since they carry signatures of their cellular origin and ...

Artificial intelligence in the care of systemic lupus erythematosus: Current capabilities and translational barriers.

BackgroundThe clinical heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus exceeds the resolution of conventional disease activity instruments. Artificial i...

Genetic and immunological determinants of Pemphigus vulgaris: integrative analysis of HLA-DRB1 and FCGR2B variants.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune blistering disease mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies. Although both HLA and non-HLA loci contribute t...

Computational models for the classification of antibody specificity using heavy chain features.

BACKGROUND: Antibodies play a critical role in immune defense, with their antigen specificity primarily governed by the unique sequences of their heav...