Smoking & Tobacco

Development of a machine learning model for preoperative prediction of spread through air spaces in resectable non-small cell lung cancer: A single-center retrospective study.

Spread through air spaces (STAS) is a pathological feature associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its diagnosis currently depends exclusively on postoperative histopathological examination, limiting its utility for preoperative surgical planning. The present study aimed to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) model using preoperative clinical and s...

KLRB1 and IL12RB1 are pretherapeutic predictors of time to relapse in patients with psoriasis treated with IL-17 blockade.

BACKGROUND: Relapse of psoriasis after the cessation of treatment remains an unresolved clinical challenge. OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of risk of relapse in patients with psoriasis treated by interleukin (IL) 17 blockade (ixekizumab) and to investigate longitudinal dynamics driving relapse. METHODS: Longitudinal skin transcriptomes were collected from 23 patients across baseline, psoriasis ...

Applications of artificial intelligence-based conversational agents in healthcare: A systematic umbrella review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-based conversational agents (AI-based CAs) have emerged as essential tools for communication and service delivery ...

Machine learning identifies traumatic experiences as being associated with auditory verbal hallucinations in both a non-clinical population and individuals diagnosed with psychosis.

BACKGROUND: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are a core symptom of psychosis but their prevalence in the general population ranges from 5-28 %. M...

Cancer as a main contributor to multimorbidity in the UK Biobank: analysis of risk factors using conventional statistical modelling and machine learning.

Cancer frequently co-occurs with other chronic conditions, contributing substantially to disease burden. Multimorbidity is an increasing public health...

Redefining oropharyngeal cancer in the HPV era: integrating precision medicine and immunotherapeutic frontiers.

Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasingly driven by human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16, marking a shift in its epidemiology, prognosis, a...

Individual differences in effects of stressful life events on childhood ADHD: genetic, neural, and familial contributions.

BACKGROUND: This study elucidates the intricate relationship between stressful life events and the development of ADHD symptoms in children, acknowled...

TurkerPat: EEG-Based detection of hunger, thirst, and nicotine withdrawal.

BACKGROUND: One of the primary objectives of neuroscience is to gather information from the brain. Therefore, brain data are crucial for understanding...

Prediction of Short-Term Postoperative Complications Following Open Reduction Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures.

BACKGROUND: Minimizing postoperative complications is imperative to improving patient outcomes. The purpose of this investigation is to develop machin...

Screening for depression risk in asthma patients: Development and external validation of a machine learning-based predictive model.

BACKGROUND: Depression is prevalent among asthma patients, negatively impacting their quality of life, treatment adherence, and prognosis. This study ...

Age-specific modifiable determinants and nonlinear risk patterns of habitual low back pain in a large medical check-up cohort: a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.

BACKGROUND: Age-related mechanisms underlying habitual low-back pain (LBP) remain poorly defined, with most studies pooling heterogeneous populations ...

Tumoral Skin Invasion Is an Independent Predictor of Rapid Recurrence in Head and Neck Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive malignancy, with 50% of patients recurring. A subset of patients experience...

Lifestyle-associated serum metabolites profiling in relation to risk of late-onset psoriasis.

BACKGROUND: Although healthy lifestyle behaviours are associated with a lower risk of psoriasis, the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain unclear. O...

Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and dissecting immune microenvironment with crosstalk genes in the POAG and COVID-19 nexus.

An underlying association between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and COVID-19 has been hypothesized, but the causal link and shared mechanisms rem...

A systematic review and narrative summary of the therapeutic potential of classic serotonergic psychedelics for smoking cessation and reduction.

BACKGROUND: Classic serotonergic psychedelics are 5-HT2A partial agonists that induce non-ordinary states of consciousness. Many have demonstrated ant...

Exploring explainable machine learning algorithms to model predictors of tobacco use among men in Sub Sahara Africa between 2018 and 2023.

Tobacco smoking is a significant public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, with its prevalence shaped by various demographic factors. This study aime...

The Impact of Genetic and Acquired Risk Factors on Thromboembolic Events: A Retrospective Study.

This study, involving a cohort of 980 patients with arterial and/or venous events, evaluated the relative importance of genetic and traditional risk f...

Explainable artificial intelligence driven insights into smoking prediction using machine learning and clinical parameters.

In Vivo Laparoscopic Image De-smoking Dataset, Evaluation, and Beyond.

The development of effective algorithms for removing surgical smoke in laparoscopic surgery has been hindered by the absence of a paired dataset conta...

Progress and challenges of artificial intelligence in lung cancer clinical translation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, such as convolutional neural networks and transformers, have significantly impacted cancer care. For lung can...