Smoking & Tobacco

Fuzzy logic for preanesthetic risk assessment in cataract surgery patients.

We aimed to build a fuzzy logic preanaesthetic risk score tailored to cataract surgery. By fusing systemic comorbidities with key patient attributes in an adaptive rule base, our goal was to generate patient-specific risk estimates that move beyond the coarse granularity of traditional categorical tools. A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Hospital, Uni...

Explainable artificial intelligence for personalized prognosis in pancreatic cancer: A nationwide study from Taiwan.

Pancreatic cancer is highly aggressive with poor outcomes; current artificial intelligence (AI) prognostic models often lack interpretability and underutilize large-scale data. This study develops an explainable AI prognostic model for pancreatic cancer survival using Taiwan's national registry data, aiming to identify key prognostic factors, their interactions, non-linear relationships, and patie...

Thymic health consequences in adults.

The thymus is essential for establishing T cell diversity early in life, but undergoes profound involution with age and has therefore traditionally be...

Development of machine learning-based predictive models for seroma formation after transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.

BACKGROUND: Inguinal hernia repair, particularly transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair, is a common surgical procedure. However, seroma formation...

Plasma proteomic profiling with machine learning identifies immunometabolic perturbations associated with smoking and smoking cessation.

Cigarette smoking is the leading modifiable risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with systemic molecular alt...

A Smartphone-based Comprehensive Dataset of Annotated Oral Cavity Images for Enhanced Oral Disease Diagnosis.

This study introduces a SMARTphone-based, expert annotated dataset of Oral Mucosa images (SMART-OM), collected to facilitate the development of Artifi...

Real-time automated billing for tobacco treatment: performance evaluation of the CigStopper machine learning framework.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate CigStopper, a machine learning algorithm designed to predict billing eligibility for tobacco cessation counseling (CPT 99406/99...

GOLD 2026: Transforming COPD Management with Early Intervention, Multi-dimensional Assessment, and Personalized Care.

The 2026 report from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) introduces substantial conceptual and practical updates to the ...

Assessing the clinical competence of large language models for tobacco use disorder: A multi-domain expert evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco use disorder (TUD) remains the leading preventable cause of death globally, yet fewer than one-third of users receive guideline-co...

Association between fundus sex index and hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking in the Kumejima study.

Fundus parameters can be used to quantify masculinity or femininity as a fundus sex index (FSI) ranging from 0 to 1. The purpose of this study was to ...

Plasma proteomic profiles of lung volume-based phenotypes in Tobacco-Exposed Individuals Without Spirometric COPD.

BACKGROUND: Among individuals with a history of smoking but preserved spirometry (tobacco exposed with preserved spirometry, or TEPS), lung volume-bas...

A predictive model for significant periodontal disease progression: A large-scale cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The progression of periodontitis is challenging to predict. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning model to identify ...

Alcohol Policies in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Region-Challenges, Opportunities and Moving Forward.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region saw an increase in alcohol-attributable deaths attributed to the rise in consumption over th...

Oral Nicotine Product Use and E-Cigarette Use Persistence in Adolescents and Young Adults: An Analysis Using Augmented Inverse Probability Weighting.

The impact of oral nicotine product (ONP) use on e-cigarette use persistence among adolescents and young adults (AYA) remains unclear. We applied augm...

[Dual role of tea consumption in gastrointestinal disease risks: analysis using a risk prediction model integrating interpretable machine learning and large language model].

OBJECTIVES: To explore the correlation of tea consumption with risks of gastrointestinal diseases using a risk prediction model integrating interpreta...

Quantum-Transport Informed Machine Learning for Identifying Tobacco-Induced Regioisomeric DNA Adducts.

Tobacco smoke contains a complex array of genotoxic carcinogens that form structurally diverse DNA adducts, driving mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Am...

An online machine learning model for predicting medication adherence in hypertensive patients: data from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS).

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension, a leading global cause of death with high prevalence and poor control, faces a critical issue of poor medication adherence...

Assessment and AI-Based Prediction of Complications in Reduction Mammoplasty: A Combined Statistical and Fuzzy Inference Approach in a 10-Year Cohort from Tehran Hospitals (2013-2023).

INTRODUCTION: Gigantomastia causes physical, psychological, and dermatological issues, often with ptosis; reduction mammoplasty effectively relieves s...

Epidemiological Trajectories and Quality of Care Disparities of MASLD in Asia, 1990-2023.

BACKGROUND: To characterize temporal and geographic patterns of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) across Asia from 1990...

Leveraging Machine Learning to Uncover Ethnic-Specific Predictors of Maternal Postpartum Depression.

Maternal postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant mental health issue that affects over 15% of mothers, with adverse effects on their children. Et...