Surgery

Autonomous Ultrasound Systems: Are We Approaching the Era of Self-Directed Imaging?

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound remains one of the most widely used imaging modalities in clinical practice; however, its effectiveness is highly dependent on operator expertise. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, computer vision and machine learning have accelerated the development of autonomous ultrasound systems capable of performing imaging tasks with minimal human intervention....

Didactic Education in Plastic Surgery Residency: A National Survey Highlighting Variation in Curriculum Structure and Assessment.

BACKGROUND: Didactic education is a core component of plastic surgery residency training and prepares residents for board certification and clinical practice. Despite its importance, no nationally standardized education curriculum exists, and contemporary data on educational practices remain limited. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to program directors and coordinators of America...

Machine learning-guided bioelectrical impedance mapping for rapid adjunctive margin assessment in Mohs surgery.

A label-free high-frequency bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy method, coupled with supervised machine learning, was evaluated as an adjunct to hist...

Diagnostic decision-making, vertebral augmentation, and osteoporosis therapy in vertebral compression fractures: a narrative review.

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) represent the most prevalent osteoporotic fracture and constitute a growing cause of morbidity, mortality, and ...

Machine learning-based prediction of postoperative restenosis risk following direct repair of paediatric coarctation of the aorta.

OBJECTIVES: Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital cardiovascular disease with focal aortic luminal narrowing, and paediatric patients face a high p...

The Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension International Risk Score: A Prediction Model for Outcomes Using Machine Learning.

BACKGROUND: Risk prediction is fundamental to pulmonary hypertension (PH) guideline-based care, yet pediatric-specific risk prediction models remain l...

Diagnostic performance and short-interval reproducibility of multimodal large language models in differentiating cholesteatoma from chronic otitis media using key-image temporal bone high-resolution computed tomography.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess whether multimodal large language models (LLMs) can distinguish cholesteatoma from non-cholesteatomatous chronic o...

Beyond Critical View of Safety: New Predictors of Objective Assessment of Critical View of Safety in Laparoscopic cholecystectomy-a Prospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundLaparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has revolutionised gallstone management. However, the incidence of bile duct injury (BDI) remains unchange...

Machine Learning-Assisted Prediction of Varicocele Grade Using Multidimensional Spermatic Vein Reflux Time Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Varicocele (VC) grading has long relied on qualitative assessments of venous diameter and reflux signals, lacking standardization. OBJECTI...

Research trends and hotspots in robot-assisted ophthalmic surgery: a bibliometric and visualization study.

Robot-assisted ophthalmic surgery has undergone rapid development in recent decades. Robot-assisted ophthalmic surgery, as examined through bibliometr...

Artificial intelligence, surgical vision, and digital navigation in robotic urology: a bibliometric and knowledge-mapping analysis.

Digital technologies are increasingly used to extend the anatomical, functional, and procedural information available in robot-assisted urology, but t...

A multimodal radiomics, deep learning, and pathomics signature for predicting the prognosis in central conventional chondrosarcoma.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate a multimodal feature-integrated signature (MS) by combining radiomics, deep learning (DL), and path...

Accelerating Focused Ultrasound Modeling in Heterogeneous Spinal Cord Anatomy With Vision Transformer Operator Networks.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to develop a data-driven framework for real-time prediction of focused ultrasound pressure fields in the spinal...

BID Artifacts: An Artificial Intelligence-powered Briefing-Intraoperative-Debriefing Platform for Competency-based Plastic Surgery Education.

BACKGROUND: The briefing-intraoperative-bebriefing (BID) framework has shown promise in surgical education but lacks scalable digital implementation. ...

Machine learning-based prediction of intraoperative blood transfusion in major surgery: exploiting clinical variables and systemic inflammatory indices.

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative blood transfusion is common in major surgery. Predicting transfusion risk may improve perioperative management, optimize bl...

Predicting Prehospital Blood Transfusion After Motor Vehicle Trauma.

OBJECTIVES: Prehospital blood transfusion (PHBT) improves outcomes among patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock, yet the epidemiology and geographi...

Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Multi-Omics Biomarker Discovery in Ectopic Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Review.

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy is a major cause of first-trimester maternal morbidity and mortality, with diagnosis and management posing persistent cl...

A blood-based test for detection of advanced adenomas and colorectal cancer (DENEB): a multicentre diagnostic accuracy study.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is the third most common and second deadliest cancer in the USA, but cases and deaths are preventable through appropriat...

KA-TMoE: A Deep Learning Method Using Time-Series CT Radiomics to Predict Post-Radiotherapy Rib Fractures in NSCLC Patients.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Rib fracture is a recognized clinical complication in medically inoperable patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) un...

Study protocol of the Speech of children After Neonatal Encephalopathy (SANE): a single-centre prospective cohort study.

INTRODUCTION: Language development is a key determinant of academic achievement and psychosocial outcome. Due to the therapeutic hypothermia procedure...