Surgery

Generative AI and Clinicians Show Comparable Prognostic Reasoning From Clinical Narratives in Biologic-Treated CRSwNP.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the ability of large language models (LLMs) and otolaryngologists to identify prognostic signals from brief clinical vignettes in CRSwNP. METHODS: In this blinded study, 68 adults initiating biologic therapy for CRSwNP (≥ 36 months follow-up) were represented by standardized vignettes derived from documentation immediately before biologic initiation. Vignettes summarized symp...

A Validated, explainable machine learning-based preoperative risk model for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: This investigation aimed to develop and validate a diagnostic algorithm for preoperatively assessing the likelihood of microvascular invasion (MVI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Clinical and pathological information of patients with HCC who underwent curative resection was collected from two medical centers. Data from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were randomly s...

Ovarian borderline tumors and minimally invasive surgery: a narrative review.

Borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) are a distinct subgroup of epithelial ovarian neoplasms that commonly affect women of reproductive age and are associ...

Artificial Intelligence Meets Micro/Nanorobotics.

Microrobots and nanorobots are a developing technology, which evolved from simple "motoric" motion-capable micro/nanomachines to physical machine inte...

Comparison of Machine Learning-Based Reporting with Surgeon Reporting of Postoperative Complication in Cardiothoracic Morbidity and Mortality Conferences.

BACKGROUND: Traditional morbidity and mortality (M&M) conferences incompletely capture postoperative complications, potentially limiting quality impro...

Long-term complications of traditional and novel management of groin hernia: a narrative review.

Groin hernia repair is among the most common surgical procedures worldwide, yet chronic postoperative pain and recurrence remain important long-term c...

Evaluating large language models in patient education: a comparative analysis addressing frequently asked questions in peri-acetabular osteotomy.

INTRODUCTION: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as sources of information across many fields, including healthcare. As patients turn ...

Embodied AI in the operating room: a voice-interactive robotic scrub nurse for surgical instrument handoffs.

Embodied artificial intelligence may extend surgical robotics beyond teleoperation by enabling robots to interpret natural-language commands, perceive...

Development and Validation of an Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Predicting In-Hospital Mortality in Diabetic Patients with Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury.

BackgroundSepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common and severe complication in critically ill patients, with poor prognosis. Diabetes...

AI-based Framework for Automated Segmentation and Surgical Decision Support in Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm.

Accurate morphometric assessment of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysms (ATAA) from computed tomography angiography (CTA) is essential for individuali...

Upper Eyelid Blepharoplasty Reduces Perceived Age: An Artificial Intelligence-Based Analysis.

Upper eyelid blepharoplasty is a commonly performed procedure for periorbital rejuvenation; however, objective evaluation of its aesthetic outcomes re...

A 3D-Printed Microvascular Surgery Training Platform With High-Fidelity, Biomimetic Properties.

Current vascular grafts face limitations including inadequate mechanical strength, inability to replicate small and complex anatomical structures, eth...

MRI radiomics combined with clinical features for predicting initial dose in focused ultrasound ablation surgery for uterine fibroids.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a radiomics-clinical model for individualized prediction of the initial treatment dose in focused ultrasound ablati...

Beyond the Black Box: Is Artificial Intelligence Ready to Reshape Neurosurgical Decision-Making? A Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being integrated into neurosurgical practice, offering capabilities in diagnostic im...

Accurate differentiation of metastatic and ultrasound-atypical reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes using a fusion model integrating ultrasound radiomics and habitatomics: A multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: The significant sonographic overlap between metastatic and ultrasound-atypical reactive hyperplastic lymph nodes remains a challenge in su...

"Objectifying Outcomes in Facial Aesthetic Surgery Using Artificial Intelligence".

BACKGROUND: Choosing which procedure or combination of procedures is appropriate remains a daunting task for patients and surgeons alike. The goal of ...

Deep Learning Versus LASSO-Based Machine Learning for 1-Year Survival After Surgery for Spinal Metastases: A JASA Multicenter Prospective Cohort Analysis.

STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter prospective cohort study; secondary analysis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate predictors associated with 1-year survival after surger...

AI-ICE Guided Pulsed Field Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation with Variable Loop Circular Catheter.

BACKGROUND: Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) facilitates left atrial (LA) reconstruction during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. The artificial i...

Machine Learning-Based First-Trimester Antenatal Risk Prediction for Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: Multicenter Model Development Study.

BACKGROUND: Maternal outcomes remain inequitable worldwide. Severe morbidity persists, and current risk assessment tools are largely arbitrary, focusi...

Deciphering Post-surgery Gut Microbial Dynamics in Colorectal Cancer through Multi-cohort Machine Learning.

Surgical resection, and its associated bowel preparation, remain the primary treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the associated effects on post...