Surgery

Simulation-based training in cardiovascular intervention and cardiac surgery: bridging skill, safety, and innovation.

The increasing complexity of cardiovascular procedures, regulatory constraints, and heightened patient safety requirements have necessitated a fundamental transformation in medical education of interventional cardiology and cardiac surgery beyond traditional apprenticeship models. A comprehensive review of simulation-based training (SBT) in cardiovascular medicine and surgery was conducted, analys...

Predicting Frailty Trajectories Using Interpretable Machine Learning Among Older Adults Following Hip Surgery: Prospective Longitudinal Study.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative frailty is highly prevalent among older adults undergoing hip surgery and is closely linked to poor clinical outcomes. Despite growing interest in understanding its progression, the temporal patterns of frailty remain underexplored. Moreover, there is a lack of validated models that can predict frailty trajectories and stratify patients by risk in the early postoperative ...

Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumor Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Prediction of Postoperative Recurrence from Tumor Biopsy Specimens.

The current WHO (2021) classification of lung neuroendocrine tumors (LNETs) into typical (TC) and atypical carcinoids (AC) relies on resection materia...

A preoperative Artificial Intelligence model to estimate cancer-specific mortality in nonmetastatic kidney cancer patients.

Surgical resection is the standard treatment for nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma, yet survival outcomes vary significantly among patients. Current ...

Deep learning enabled intelligent robotic system for aeroengine blade surface inspection.

Aeroengine blades (AEBs) are critical components of aircraft engines that require consistent monitoring and inspection to ensure airworthiness and ope...

Towards clinically interpretable machine learning in emergency surgery: feature importance and insights across clinical time points in abdominal pain cases.

PURPOSE: Machine learning (ML) may support decision-making for acute abdominal pain (AAP), but limited interpretability hinders adoption. We evaluated...

Advances in evaluating and delivering nontechnical skills training: The use of simulation, robotics, artificial intelligence and virtual reality.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Nontechnical skills (NTS), such as communication, leadership, and situational awareness, are essential for ensuring surgical safety...

Real-time identification of malignant breast tissue during electrosurgical resection.

Achieving complete resection of breast cancer with clear margins remains a significant surgical challenge, particularly for infiltrating subtypes, whe...

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in robotic, teleoperated, and remote surgery: a bibliometric and knowledge mapping analysis (2015-2025).

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies are rapidly transforming telesurgery by enhancing robotic-assisted surgical system...

Challenges for implementation of "Enhanced Recovery After Surgery" (ERAS) protocols and artificial intelligence support tools in resource-limited countries.

Surgical patient safety remains a major challenge in resource-limited settings, where preventable harm may be increased by delayed assessment, limited...

Intelligent soft robotic gripper for non-destructive grasping and attribute recognition via multi-modal waveguide tactile sensors.

The intelligent soft robotic gripper integrated with tactile sensors significantly enhances the robot's execution capabilities in complex tasks, resol...

A comprehensive review of biomechanical factors influencing pedicle screw fixation strength and the critical role of artificial intelligence.

BACKGROUND: Pedicle screws are pivotal in spinal fixation procedures, providing stability and facilitating the correction of spinal deformities. Sever...

Augmenting clinical decision-making with large language models: evaluation across general and specialty tasks.

OBJECTIVE: Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications, yet prior studies mainly evaluated their standalone performance o...

Joint-specific measures improve risk adjustment in total knee arthroplasty: A machine learning approach.

PURPOSE: Accurate risk adjustment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is essential for outcome prediction and quality assessment. Most existing predictio...

AI-planned and robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement improves accuracy and reduces loosening in lumbar fusion for patients with low bone mass: a multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-based pedicle screw trajectory planning combined with roboti...

Spectral CT-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for predicting invasiveness of ground-glass nodules in lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the potential of spectral detector computed tomography (SDCT) combined with intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for noninva...

Prediction of intensive care unit requirement and in-hospital mortality in Fournier's gangrene: a comparative analysis of conventional statistical and machine learning models.

This study aimed to evaluate the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM) in pati...

Robot-Assisted Oral Examination: Challenges and Innovations.

OBJECTIVES: To summarize and evaluate the core components, functional modules, and developmental challenges of intelligent oral examination robots, an...

Quality assessment of YouTube videos on total knee arthroplasty: a comparative evaluation of orthopedic surgeons and artificial intelligence models.

BACKGROUND: YouTube is widely used by patients seeking preoperative information before total knee arthroplasty (TKA). As online video content may infl...

Training AI Models for Aesthetic Facial Evaluation: Focused Review and Framework to Mitigate Homogenizing Bias.

As artificial intelligence (AI) models become increasingly integrated into facial aesthetic surgery for attractiveness prediction and surgical outcome...