Surgery

Pre-operative MRI-Based Radiomics for Predicting Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Promoter Mutation Status in Glioma Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

TERT promoter (TERTp) mutations shape glioma prognosis and therapy, yet tissue testing can be limited by sampling error and surgical inaccessibility. MRI-based radiomics offers a non-invasive alternative. This study aimed to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of pre-operative MRI radiomics for predicting TERTp status and compare radiomics-only, clinical-only, and combined models.We conducted a PRISM...

Predictive Model for Bone Availability in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: A Machine Learning Approach.

ObjectiveTo develop a predictive model for estimating cortical bone thickness at any maxillary location in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).DesignRetrospective cross-sectional cohort study with machine learning.SettingUniversity hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology.Patients, ParticipantsFifty patients with non-syndromic UCLP and 50 age- and gender-matched co...

Toward generalizable and interpretable machine learning models in healthcare: Insights from ICU outcome predictions.

The application of machine learning (ML) models in healthcare management offers high potential. In particular, resource allocation and operational dec...

Development and validation of a machine learning-based model for predicting delirium risk in postoperative brain tumor patients in the Intensive Care Unit.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clarify the incidence and influencing factors of delirium in ICU patients after brain tumor surgery, construct and vali...

Pre-implementation safety evaluation of an AI decision-support system for surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) show potential to support antimicrobial prescribing but require simulation-based, institution-specific safety...

Differentiating malignancy from liver parenchyma in Ex-Vivo OCT images using anomaly detection.

Primary liver cancer and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) pose significant challenges, because of limited early diagnosis and the reliance on time-c...

StyleGAN-based synthetic image augmentation for multi-class otoscopy image classification.

Accurate diagnosis of eardrum abnormalities is pivotal for effectively managing various ear conditions. Otoscopy, a non-invasive diagnostic procedure,...

Advances in Ultrasound-Guided Fascial Plane Blocks for Perioperative Acute Pain Management.

INTRODUCTION: Perioperative acute pain remains a major challenge because conventional analgesic strategies are often limited by inadequate efficacy an...

Preoperative risk assessment for surgical operations using artificial intelligence: Potential benefits, hurdles, and future directions.

Artificial intelligence offers the potential of examining large clinical data sets to uncover complex nonlinearities and personalized associations whe...

Assessment of OpenEvidence Responses to American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: General-purpose large language models (LLMs) have substantial limitations, including fabricated references and inconsistent c...

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for predicting post-CABG acute kidney injury: insights from MIMIC database and real-world cardiac surgery cohort.

OBJECTIVE: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication following coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) While machine learning models trained on...

Machine learning-based prediction of postoperative atrial fibrillation risk in coronary artery bypass grafting patients.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) occurs in 20-40% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and is associated ...

HeLP-BAG score: a novel data-driven scoring system for predicting post-operative 30-day mortality using 24-hour preoperative data.

BACKGROUND: Accurate preoperative risk stratification remains challenging, as existing scoring systems are often complex, invasive, or limited to spec...

Development of a Computed Tomography Enterography Based Radiomics Model to Characterize Inflammation, Fibrosis and Smooth Muscle Thickening in Stricturing Crohn's Disease.

BACKGROUND AIMS: Computed tomography enterography (CTE) is a non-invasive cross-sectional imaging modality routinely used for diagnosis of Crohn's dis...

Large Language Models vs. Machine Learning on Structured Perioperative Data: Does Model Choice Matter?

The study by Ko and colleagues provides evidence that large language models may achieve modestly improved performance compared with traditional machin...

Prediction of hospitalisation in young children with pneumonia in Malawi: A machine learning-based approach.

BACKGROUND: Globally, pneumonia remains the single biggest cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age. This study sought to train and test a ...

Age-stratified risk profiles for emergency colorectal cancer resection: A machine-learning analysis.

BACKGROUND: Emergency colorectal cancer resection (ECCR) is associated with worse perioperative and oncologic outcomes than elective surgery. As the i...

Interpretable Machine Learning to Predict Anxiety or Depression in Acute Ischemic Stroke after IV Thrombolysis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Acute Ischemic Stroke (AIS) represents a prevalent cerebrovascular condition characterized by significant levels of disability and mortali...

Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Dictation Improves Efficiency in a Regional General Surgery Clinic: A Quasi-Experimental Pilot Study.

INTRODUCTION: Rural surgical services face increasing clinical demand and administrative burden, often exacerbated by limited workforce and support in...

Zero-shot performance of a general-purpose vision-language model for pediatric appendicitis diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: General-purpose vision-language models can analyze medical images without task-specific training, but their value for pediatric abdominal ...