Surgery

Latest AI and machine learning research in surgery for healthcare professionals.

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Diff2DGS: Reliable Reconstruction of Occluded Surgical Scenes via 2D Gaussian Splatting

Real-time reconstruction of deformable surgical scenes is vital for advancing robotic surgery, improving surgeon guidance, and enabling automation. Recent methods achieve dense reconstructions from da Vinci robotic surgery videos, with Gaussian Splatting (GS) offering real-time performance via graphics acceleration. However, reconstruction quality in occluded regions remains limited, and depth acc...

Feb 20 2026 2602.18314v1

Resting-state Compensatory Remapping in Patients with Brain Tumour Before and After Surgery

Brain tumours invade neural tissue, disrupting the functional organisation of neural networks. This disruption can trigger compensatory neuroplastic mechanisms that help preserve cognitive function despite pathological burden. Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) provides a valuable approach for examining these alterations, yet the scope and trajectory of network-level changes remain uncl...

Machine Learning Based Prediction of Surgical Outcomes in Chronic Rhinosinusitis from Clinical Data

Artificial intelligence (AI) has increasingly transformed medical prognostics by enabling rapid and accurate analysis across imaging and pathology. Ho...

Feb 19 2026 2602.17888v1
Cholec80-port: A Geometrically Consistent Trocar Port Segmentation Dataset for Robust Surgical Scene Understanding

Trocar ports are camera-fixed, pseudo-static structures that can persistently occlude laparoscopic views and attract disproportionate feature points d...

Feb 19 2026 2602.17060v1
Benchmarking the Effects of Object Pose Estimation and Reconstruction on Robotic Grasping Success

3D reconstruction serves as the foundational layer for numerous robotic perception tasks, including 6D object pose estimation and grasp pose generatio...

Feb 19 2026 2602.17101v1
Attachment Anchors: A Novel Framework for Laparoscopic Grasping Point Prediction in Colorectal Surgery

Accurate grasping point prediction is a key challenge for autonomous tissue manipulation in minimally invasive surgery, particularly in complex and va...

Feb 19 2026 2602.17310v1
4D Monocular Surgical Reconstruction under Arbitrary Camera Motions

Reconstructing deformable surgical scenes from endoscopic videos is challenging and clinically important. Recent state-of-the-art methods based on imp...

Feb 19 2026 2602.17473v1
FoundationPose-Initialized 3D-2D Liver Registration for Surgical Augmented Reality

Augmented reality can improve tumor localization in laparoscopic liver surgery. Existing registration pipelines typically depend on organ contours; de...

Feb 19 2026 2602.17517v1
Knowledge-Embedded Latent Projection for Robust Representation Learning

Latent space models are widely used for analyzing high-dimensional discrete data matrices, such as patient-feature matrices in electronic health recor...

Feb 18 2026 2602.16709v1
3D, multi-omic imaging reveals molecular biomarkers of the pre-metastatic niche in lung cancer

The recurrence rate following complete surgical resection of primary non-small cell lung cancer is as high as 55%, yet no approach currently exists to...

StrokeNeXt: A Siamese-encoder Approach for Brain Stroke Classification in Computed Tomography Imagery

We present StrokeNeXt, a model for stroke classification in 2D Computed Tomography (CT) images. StrokeNeXt employs a dual-branch design with two ConvN...

Feb 16 2026 2602.15087v1
ARport: An Augmented Reality System for Markerless Image-Guided Port Placement in Robotic Surgery

Purpose: Precise port placement is a critical step in robot-assisted surgery, where port configuration influences both visual access to the operative ...

Feb 15 2026 2602.14153v1
Clinical validation of automated and multiple manual callosal angle measurement methods in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

Introduction Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a partially reversible neurological disorder in which imaging biomarkers support diagn...

Patterns of preventable death and government response compliance across Australian coronial jurisdictions: a natural language processing analysis of 9833 findings

ABSTRACT Objectives: To quantify patterns of preventable death in Australian coronial findings, measure government compliance with coroner recommendat...

MiDAS: A Multimodal Data Acquisition System and Dataset for Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery

Background: Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) research increasingly relies on multimodal data, yet access to proprietary robot telemetr...

Feb 12 2026 2602.12407v1
A radiation-free screening system for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using deep learning on 3D back surface point clouds

Widespread screening for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is critical for timely intervention but is currently constrained by the radiation risks...

Right for the Wrong Reasons: Epistemic Regret Minimization for Causal Rung Collapse in LLMs

Machine learning systems that are "right for the wrong reasons" achieve high performance through shortcuts that collapse under distributional shift. W...

Feb 12 2026 2602.11675v1
Chain-of-Look Spatial Reasoning for Dense Surgical Instrument Counting

Accurate counting of surgical instruments in Operating Rooms (OR) is a critical prerequisite for ensuring patient safety during surgery. Despite recen...

Feb 11 2026 2602.11024v1
Uncertainty-Aware Ordinal Deep Learning for cross-Dataset Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin production or impaired insulin...

Feb 10 2026 2602.10315v1
VLM-Guided Iterative Refinement for Surgical Image Segmentation with Foundation Models

Surgical image segmentation is essential for robot-assisted surgery and intraoperative guidance. However, existing methods are constrained to predefin...

Feb 9 2026 2602.09252v1
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