Surgery

Early Detection of Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Using Perioperative Data Among Noncardiac Surgical Patients: A Machine-Learning Approach.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a condition imposing significant health care burden. Given its syndromic nature and often insidious onset, the diagnosis may not be made until clinical manifestations prompt further evaluation. Detecting HFrEF in precursor stages could allow for early initiation of treatments to modify disease progression. Granular data collected ...

Forecasting a Crisis: Machine-Learning Models Predict Occurrence of Intraoperative Bradycardia Associated With Hypotension.

BACKGROUND: Predictive analytics systems may improve perioperative care by enhancing preparation for, recognition of, and response to high-risk clinical events. Bradycardia is a fairly common and unpredictable clinical event with many causes; it may be benign or become associated with hypotension requiring aggressive treatment. Our aim was to build models to predict the occurrence of clinically si...

Science Without Conscience Is but the Ruin of the Soul: The Ethics of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Perioperative Medicine.

Artificial intelligence-driven anesthesiology and perioperative care may just be around the corner. However, its promises of improved safety and patie...

[Multicenter comparison of complications after robot-assisted and open simple prostatectomy].

INTRODUCTION: Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) is a relatively new minimally invasive procedure for surgical treatment to manage symptomatic...

Comparing open-radical cystectomy and robot-assisted radical cystectomy: current status and analysis of the evidence.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Radical cystectomy is the definitive surgical treatment for aggressive bladder cancer. The robotic platform offers a new approach t...

Actuation of untethered pneumatic artificial muscles and soft robots using magnetically induced liquid-to-gas phase transitions.

Pneumatic artificial muscles have been widely used in industry because of their simple and relatively high-performance design. The emerging field of s...

A Holistically-Nested U-Net: Surgical Instrument Segmentation Based on Convolutional Neural Network.

Surgical instrument segmentation is an essential task in the domain of computer-assisted surgical system. It is critical to increase the context-aware...

Role of Instruction Adherence During Highly Structured Robotic Arm Training on Motor Outcomes for Individuals After Chronic Stroke.

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of instruction adherence on upper limb motor outcomes after highly structured intervention. A seconda...

Discriminating malignant and benign clinical T1 renal masses on computed tomography: A pragmatic radiomics and machine learning approach.

The aim of this study was to discriminate malignant and benign clinical T1 renal masses on routinely acquired computed tomography (CT) images using ra...

[Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Prostate Ductal Carcinoma with Large Multiple Cysts Prior to Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy].

A 71-year-old man with gross hematuria and urinary retention showed a 7×8 cm polycystic mass compressing the prostate on the right ventral side on pel...

An untethered isoperimetric soft robot.

For robots to be useful for real-world applications, they must be safe around humans, be adaptable to their environment, and operate in an untethered ...

A novel fully automated MRI-based deep-learning method for classification of IDH mutation status in brain gliomas.

BACKGROUND: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status has emerged as an important prognostic marker in gliomas. Currently, reliable IDH mutation ...

[Robot-assisted operations in visceral surgery].

BACKGROUND: Although only a low percentage of abdominal surgical interventions are performed using a robotic platform, the total number has significan...

Adaptive back-stepping cancer control using Legendre polynomials.

Here, a model-free controller for cancer treatment is presented. The treatment objective is to find a proper drug dosage that can reduce the populatio...

Artificial Intelligence in Anesthesiology: Current Techniques, Clinical Applications, and Limitations.

Artificial intelligence has been advancing in fields including anesthesiology. This scoping review of the intersection of artificial intelligence and ...

Artificial Intelligence and Surgical Decision-making.

IMPORTANCE: Surgeons make complex, high-stakes decisions under time constraints and uncertainty, with significant effect on patient outcomes. This rev...

Evaluation of Rectal Cancer Circumferential Resection Margin Using Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network in High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Images.

BACKGROUND: High-resolution MRI is regarded as the best method to evaluate whether there is an involved circumferential resection margin in rectal can...

Deep learning for prediction of colorectal cancer outcome: a discovery and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Improved markers of prognosis are needed to stratify patients with early-stage colorectal cancer to refine selection of adjuvant therapy. ...

[Short-term effectiveness comparison between robotic-guided percutaneous minimally invasive pedicle screw internal fixation and traditional open internal fixation in treatment of thoracolumbar fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To compare short-term effectiveness between robot-guided percutaneous minimally invasive pedicle screw internal fixation and traditional op...

Can machine learning optimize the efficiency of the operating room in the era of COVID-19?

The cancellation of large numbers of surgical procedures because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has drastically extended wait lis...