Surgery

Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Education: A Pilot Study Using ASCRS Guideline-Derived Questions.

BackgroundLarge language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on general medical and surgical examinations; however, their capacity to accurately interpret and apply subspecialty clinical practice guidelines remains incompletely characterized.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the accuracy and consistency of two contemporary LLMs-Google Gemini and OpenEvidence-using multiple-choice que...

Cross-sectional validation of a preoperative multidimensional assessment tool for third molar extraction using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess the correlation between a preoperative difficulty assessment form and surgery time in third molar extractions. Secondary aims included analyzing the relationship between the form's global score and surgical technique, surgeon-perceived difficulty, and postoperative complications. Machine learning models were also explored. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectio...

The Year in Perioperative Echocardiography:Selected Highlights From 2025.

This article is the 10th of an annual series reviewing the research highlights of the year pertaining to the subspecialty of perioperative echocardiog...

TransUNet for automated segmentation of intracranial aneurysms in digital subtraction angiography: A dual-center validation study.

PURPOSE: This study systematically evaluated five deep learning models to validate their consistency in deriving clinical morphological and quantitati...

Natural Language Processing for Surgical Quality Enhancement.

INTRODUCTION: Unstructured clinical data, including operative reports and progress notes, contain critical surgical information that is often absent f...

Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models to Identify Emergency Department Patients at Increased Risk of New or Progressive Acute Kidney Injury.

OBJECTIVES: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious condition associated with prolonged hospitalization, chronic kidney disease, and increas...

An AI framework for automated quality control of paraffin block and slide consistency: a clinical evaluation and human-machine comparison study.

Consistency between paraffin blocks and corresponding histological slides is a key component of pathological quality control. In routine practice, ver...

[Practice and reflection on sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for early gastric cancer].

With the continuous update and iteration of minimally invasive techniques, artificial intelligence and big data, the surgical treatment of early gastr...

[Current status and future perspectives of precision treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer].

The treatment paradigm for locally advanced rectal cancer is undergoing a fundamental transformation from the traditional fixed triad of "radiotherapy...

[Exploration and clinical application of the "digital and intelligent surgery" diagnosis and treatment workflow for oral and maxillofacial tumors].

Tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region present significant clinical challenges due to anatomical complexity and high individual variability, with...

[Robotic gastrectomy: Research progress and practical challenges].

Gastric cancer is one of the malignant tumors with high incidence and mortality rates globally, with China ranking among the top 5 in both case number...

Outcomes of perioperative intra-aortic balloon pump support in patients undergoing aortic valve surgery: A single-centre, retrospective, observational study.

BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing aortic-valve surgery are prone to perioperative low-cardiac-output syndrome or progression to cardiogenic shock, which...

Enhanced diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: integrating advanced algorithms for automated detection and classification.

AIM: To develop an automated diagnostic system for early detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using fundus images by identifying exudates, hemorrhag...

Fully digital and robot-assisted workflow for mandibular molar autotransplantation: A proof-of-concept.

OBJECTIVES: To present a robot-assisted protocol for autogenous mandibular molar transplantation using an autonomous robotic system for shape-matched ...

Current applications of augmented reality in urology: clinical practice, training, and future directions: an EAU endourology and YAU opinion.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Augmented reality and related extended-reality technologies have been increasingly investigated in urology to support procedures ch...

Predicting Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Cardiac Surgery Patients: An Integrated Machine Learning Approach With a Visual Nomogram.

OBJECTIVES: To integrate machine learning algorithms to identify key risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in older cardiac surg...

Decoding perioperative anesthesia-associated signature in Kawasaki disease patients with deep vein thrombosis; evidence from machine-learning driven multi-omics.

UNLABELLED: Inappropriate perioperative anesthesia (PA) drug management may lead to the detrimental clinical outcomes of Kawasaki disease (KD) patient...

Accelerating real-world data collection using large language models in rare neoplasms: a bone sarcoma example.

BACKGROUND: Real-world data collection in oncology remains a challenge due to the complex and unstructured format of medical notes. Recently, large la...

Chest Tube Learning Synthesis and Evaluation Assistant (CheLSEA): A Prospective Observational Trial of an Intelligent Decision Support System.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the performance of an artificial intelligence predictive clinical decision support system (CheLSEA) in generating ches...

Evaluation of AI-Generated Surgical Decision Aids for Pelvic Floor Disorders.

IMPORTANCE: Decision aid tools are well-utilized resources in shared decision making for the treatment of pelvic floor disorders. With the improvement...