Surgery

Utility of Machine Learning in Predicting Catastrophic Cardiac Complications Following Hip and Knee Periprosthetic Fracture Surgery Using Preoperative Parameters.

BACKGROUND: With the rising prevalence of primary total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasties (TKA), the number of periprosthetic fractures (PPF) is expected to increase. Myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac arrest (CA) are devastating complications following PPF surgery. There is a paucity of literature demonstrating the utility of machine learning (ML) in predicting rare clinical outcomes in revis...

Thrombosis after surgical splenectomy - why, in whom and can we prevent it?

Splenectomy remains a common operation performed in the setting of trauma, haematological disease, malignancy and diagnostic purposes. Contemporary evidence indicates an increased risk of thromboembolism after splenectomy. This includes both systemic venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) and splanchnic thrombosis involving the portal-splenic-mesenteric axis. Comparat...

Extended Reality in Neurosurgery : Surgical Planning, Navigation, Education, and Patient Communication.

Extended reality (XR), encompassing virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), has emerged as a transformative technology i...

An Emerging Role of Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Neuroanesthesia.

Anesthesia for pediatric neurosurgery represents a highly complex and challenging field, characterized by age-dependent physiological variability, het...

Evaluating the Prevalence of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Writing in Plastic Surgery Literature.

BACKGROUND: The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models in academic writing has raised concerns regarding research integrity an...

Non-invasive endometriosis staging prediction using integrated radiomics and spatiotemporal transformer model based on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.

Precise staging of endometriosis remains a clinical challenge, as current diagnosis depends almost entirely on laparoscopic visualization-an invasive ...

Intraoperative video-based artificial intelligence model exceeding surgeon accuracy for predicting severe fibrosis in minimally invasive liver surgery.

Accurate evaluation of liver fibrosis is essential for surgical planning in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as advanced fibrosis or cirr...

Prospective Prediction of Match Outcomes in Integrated Plastic Surgery: A Novel, Mixed-Methods Approach Incorporating Holistic Applicant Review.

BACKGROUND: Applying to an integrated plastic surgery program is among the most competitive processes in graduate medical education. Prior studies hav...

An interpretable deep learning framework for predictive modeling of postoperative infections in ICU patients.

A significant proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergo surgical procedures, and some may develop postoperative infections. Accurately ...

Artificial intelligence-enhanced three-dimensional radiological analysis for predicting spread through air spaces in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: Spread through air space (STAS) is a pathological feature that correlates with poor prognosis, especially in patients with lung adenocarci...

Establishing generalizability of wearable-enabled blood volume decompensation status estimation algorithms using transfer learning.

Timely assessment of blood volume decompensation status (BVDS) is essential for effective trauma intervention, especially in prehospital and resource-...

Machine learning-based clustering differentiates bilateral hepatocellular carcinoma characteristics and prognosis.

BACKGROUND: Bilateral hepatocellular carcinoma represents a biologically heterogeneous disease with uncertain optimal surgical selection criteria. Alt...

Validation of the parkland grading scale in predicting the critical view of safety during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective cohort study with implications for future artificial intelligence ground truth establishment.

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: The critical view of safety (CVS) prevents bile duct injury, but severe inflammation hinders its achievement. This study evaluated t...

Does Hypotension Prediction Index limit the occurrence of postoperative complications associated with intraoperative hypotension? A systematic review and model-averaged Bayesian meta-analysis of statistically sound studies.

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is considered a potential contributing factor to postoperative complications. In 2018, a machine-learning algorithm t...

Impact of an AI prognostic tool on clinician performance in colorectal liver metastases.

While thousands of AI prediction models are published annually, few are adopted into routine practice, partly because improved statistical performance...

Assessing predictive accuracy of 2D digital templating in fluoroscopy-guided direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty.

INTRODUCTION: Preoperative 2D digital templating aids surgical planning in total hip arthroplasty (THA). We evaluated template accuracy by comparing p...

Bias, fairness, and equity in artificial intelligence systems used in dental imaging: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in dental imaging for automated interpretation of dental images and as a clinical decisi...

Neural Network Machine Learning for Determining Surgical Appropriateness in Head and Neck Subspecialty Referrals.

OBJECTIVE: Timely, accurate referrals to head and neck cancer surgery are essential for survival but are often delayed or misrouted, contributing to l...

Optimizing the management of periprosthetic infections with artificial intelligence: current evidence and future directions.

Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are a serious complication in both primary arthroplasty and revision arthroplasty, posing a major challenge in ...

Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography in Cardiac Surgery: Clinical Applications, Decision-Making, and Impact on Outcomes.

Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become a central component of modern cardiac surgery by providing real-time, high-resolution...