Surveillance

Predictive accuracy of a general-purpose artificial intelligence model for cut-out following proximal femoral nailing.

INTRODUCTION: Cut-out is the most consequential mechanical complication after proximal femoral nailing and requires prompt recognition. General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) models with image-interpretation capability are increasingly accessible, yet their diagnostic performance for this task is unknown. We evaluated ChatGPT's accuracy for predicting cut-out following proximal femoral naili...

Performance of federated learning models in health services research: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the performance of federated learning (FL) models and compare their performance with local and centralized models. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of Ovid MEDLINE and PubMed from inception to June 10, 2025, to identify studies using patient data to train or validate FL algorithms and reporting at least one model performance outcome. Two reviewers indep...

Long-term remote sensing monitoring of turbidity in the Danjiangkou Reservoir, China: spatiotemporal dynamics and influencing factors.

The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the drinking-water source of the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route and a national Class I drinking-water protec...

Reporting of race and ethnicity in studies of artificial intelligence in pediatric urology A secondary analysis of the AI-PEDURO online repository.

INTRODUCTION: While an increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI) models are being developed in pediatric urology, the extent of race/ethnicity...

Predicting stroke risk using retinal imaging with artificial intelligence: a scoping review of current evidence.

BACKGROUND: Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, while currently used clinical risk prediction tools demons...

Toward a Structured Imaging Reporting System for Kidney Masses: The Molecular Imaging Perspective on KI-RADS.

Recently, a structured approach to renal mass characterization known as the Kidney Imaging Reporting and Data System (KI-RADS) was proposed. In that p...

Perspectives of Individuals With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder on the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Therapy and Treatment: Thematic Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: AI has become increasingly used in mental health care for applications such as diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment support. These include...

Machine Learning Frameworks for Wearable-Based Stress Modeling in Naturalistic Settings: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Stress, as commonly recognized, is an integral part of modern life and can significantly affect both mental and physical health. While sub...

Impact of Large Language Model-Based AI Tools on Physician-Patient Communication: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3/4 have spurred the development of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots and ...

Accuracy of Machine Learning Algorithms Based on Electroencephalogram in Sleep Apnea Detection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Sleep apnea (SA) is a serious sleep disorder, and its diagnostic gold standard, polysomnography, is costly and time-consuming. Electroence...

Incomplete Reporting Persists in Orthopedic Machine Learning Models: A Systematic Review of TRIPOD and TRIPOD+AI Reporting Completeness.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Machine learning (ML) prognostic models in orthopedic surgery are published at an accelerating pace, yet whether reporting m...

Mechanisms, management and prevention of anorectal sexually transmitted infections.

Anorectal bacterial sexually transmitted infections, predominantly chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis, represent a substantial and evolving global hea...

Toward diagnostic precision and context-adaptive therapy in prehospital supraventricular tachycardia.

The recent scoping review by Gamberini et al. provides a comprehensive overview of the prehospital diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachyc...

Educators' Perspectives on Generative AI Use in Nursing Education: Friend or Foe?

AIM: This study explores nursing educators' perspectives on the challenges and benefits of integrating generative artificial intelligence (AI) into nu...

Recent advances in screening, diagnosis, prognosis and personalized treatment of sepsis.

Sepsis is a multi-system physiological syndrome defined as a dysregulated host response to infection. Despite recent advances clinicians continue to d...

Regulatory Approaches to Cybersecurity Risk Management for AI-Enabled Medical Device Software in Korea, the United States, and the European Union: Comparative Document Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Software-based and AI-enabled medical devices are increasingly networked and updatable, expanding the attack surface and making cybersecur...

Psychoneuroimmunology-informed strategies for early detection of biological threat exposure: Insights from experimental rodent models.

The growing frequency of emerging infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and accidental or deliberate biological threat releases underscores t...

A Systematic Review and Quality Appraisal of AI-Augmented Intervention Studies for Autistic Individuals.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly integrated into autism interventions to support personalization and scalability; however, the stren...

Predetermined Change Control Plan Adoption and Documentation Transparency in FDA-cleared Radiology Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Devices.

Purpose To characterize Predetermined Change Control Plan (PCCP) adoption and documentation transparency among U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)...

Robotics and Technologies for the Safety and Health of Farmers: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Agriculture is widely acknowledged as a dangerous industry for workers. Agriculture workers are also older compared with other industries,...