Thyroid

Artificial Intelligence-assisted Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules with Atypia of Undetermined Significance.

OBJECTIVE: Given the limitations of conventional approaches in managing indeterminate thyroid nodules, there remains an unmet need for non-invasive assistant tools to improve risk stratification. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical applicability of an artificial intelligence (AI) model for thyroid nodules with atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) cytology. METHODS: We retrospectively an...

Deciphering the molecular landscape of Sjögren's disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and thyroid cancer: unraveling the complexities of disease mechanisms and diagnostic biomarkers.

BACKGROUND: Sjögren's disease (SjD), mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma), and thyroid cancer (THCA) are clinically distinct yet immunologically intertwined diseases characterized by chronic inflammation and aberrant immune activation. However, the shared molecular basis linking autoimmunity and oncogenesis remains poorly defined. METHODS: We performed an integrative transcri...

Impact of fine-grained learning rate configuration on the performance of medical image segmentation models.

Research on deep learning for medical image segmentation has shifted from single-modality networks to multimodal data fusion. Updating the parameters ...

Multi-center multi-omics integration predicts individualized prognosis in medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare, aggressive neuroendocrine tumor with limited treatment options and frequent recurrence. Comprehensive rec...

Quality of Life and Decision Regret Risk in Graves' Disease After Radioactive Iodine Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

OBJECTIVE: To identify pre-treatment determinants of hypothyroidism and decision regret (DR) following radioiodine (RAI) therapy in Graves' disease (G...

A research on applying the diffusion model algorithm for Infrared and Raman spectroscopy data augmentation to improve the accuracy of diseases.

In recent years, Raman and Infrared spectroscopy have become important tools in disease diagnosis due to their high sensitivity and non-invasive detec...

Research progress and clinical utility of multi-parameter orbital MRI in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), the most common orbital disease in adults, is a specific autoimmune condition closely associated with thyroid...

ChatGPT-5-Based large language model analysis versus an FDA-approved AI-CAD system for thyroid nodule ultrasound evaluation.

PURPOSE: Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising potential for medical image analysis, yet their diagno...

A machine learning-based model for the prediction of thyroid eye disease with oxidative stress-related biomarkers.

Thyroid eye disease (TED), the most common adult orbital disease, can significantly impair patients' quality of life. Currently, effective diagnostic ...

Evaluating the efficacy of the ResNet50 deep learning model utilizing thyroid scintigraphy images for predicting the outcomes of initial iodine-131 therapy in patients with Graves' disease.

BACKGROUND: Graves' disease (GD), a leading cause of hyperthyroidism, exhibits heterogeneous responses to iodine-131 therapy, underscoring the need fo...

Cellular and molecular determinants of lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: Integrated multi-omics profiling and machine learning models.

The mechanisms underlying lymph node metastasis (LNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remain elusive. This study integrated single-cell RNA seque...

A novel multimodal diagnostic framework integrating hyperspectral imaging and deep learning for predicting RET gene mutations in medullary thyroid carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an aggressive malignancy driven predominantly by activating mutations in the RET proto-...

Machine Learning for diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules based on thyroid ultrasound: Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies with external datasets.

INTRODUCTION: Optimizing the diagnostic approach to thyroid nodules remains a crucial challenge. Ultrasound-based risk stratification systems such as ...

Application of Artificial Intelligence-Based Transfer Learning Models to the Bethesda System for Thyroid Cytopathology.

BACKGROUND: The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) provides a standardised framework for thyroid fine needle aspiration cyto...

Major depressive disorder and Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Shared immunometabolic signatures revealed by integrative transcriptomics.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) frequently co-occur, yet their shared molecular underpinnings remain unclear. We perf...

Incorporating information retrieval into AI chatbots for patient education on thyroid eye disease.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of general-purpose, retrieval-augmented, and medicine-specific AI chatbots in answering common thyroid eye diseas...

Integrated approaches to testing and assessment for the endocrine disrupting activity of tartrazine based on adverse outcome pathways and OECD frameworks.

Tartrazine (TTZ), a widely used synthetic azo dye in processed foods, beverages, and pharmaceuticals, raises various health concerns including hematot...

A Novel Instance Segmentation Method for Real-Time Detection of Thyroid Nodules in Ultrasound Videos: A Multi-Center Study.

OBJECTIVES: Thyroid nodules are one of the most common thyroid disorders and can be categorized into benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Currently, ...

Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features: an update.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) has been recognized as a diagnostic entity sin...

A multi-task deep learning framework for intraoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer metastasis using whole slide images.

BACKGROUND: Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a critical prognostic indicator in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), significantly influencing surgical de...