Universal precautions

Ranked placement of phage predation as a determinant of dehydration severity among cholera patients in Bangladesh

Phage predation is inversely associated with severe cholera yet its importance as a determinant of dehydration severity is unknown relative to other factors. Here we used machine learning to assess and rank potential host, microbial, and environmental factors as determinants of severe dehydration among a cohort of cholera patients enrolled at hospital admission across Bangladesh. We found the phag...

Predicting clinical outcome of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections using explainable Machine Learning

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 is a globally dispersed zoonotic pathogen capable of causing severe disease outcomes, including bloody diarrhoea and haemolytic uraemic syndrome. While variations in Shiga toxin subtype are well-recognised drivers of disease severity, many unexplained differences remain among strains carrying the same toxin profile. We applied explainable machi...

Assessment and Prediction of Clinical Outcomes for ICU-Admitted Patients Diagnosed with Hepatitis: Integrating Sociodemographic and Comorbidity Data

Hepatitis, a disease characterized by inflammation of the liver, is a leading global health challenge that contributes to over 1.3 million deaths annu...

Omics Integration Uncovers Mechanisms Associated with HIV Viral Load and Potential Therapeutic Insights

While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved disease prognosis in people with HIV (PWH), understanding the biological mechanisms unde...

Secure and Efficient Federated Learning for Predictive Modeling in Resource-Constrained Healthcare Systems

Predictive modeling in healthcare holds promise for improving clinical outcomes, but in many low-resource settings, data fragmentation, privacy concer...

Predicting Tuberculosis Incidence in Adult HIV Patients on ART in Debre Markos, Ethiopia: A Machine Learning Approach

Tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest comorbidity among individuals with HIV/AIDS, especially in low- and middle-income nations such as Ethiopia. Early d...

Association between zidovudine and adverse pregnancy outcomes/congenital malformations: A pharmacovigilance study using FAERS data

Zidovudine (AZT), a key antiretroviral drug used for HIV treatment and preventing mother-to-child transmission, has insufficient post-marketing pharma...

Application of Extreme Gradient Boosting to predict NCD-HIV/AIDS comorbidity in young adults in Malawi

The fight to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 and 3.4 by 2030 requires data driven approaches and appropriate methodologies that would enable ...

Limited Predictability of Client Attendance in a Support Program for HIV Vertical Transmission Prevention: A Comparison of Machine Learning and Community Health Worker Predictions

Client attendance is vital for the success of HIV vertical transmission prevention programs, yet 23.4% of clients missed follow-up appointments after ...

Candidate Correlates of Protection in the HVTN505 HIV-1 Vaccine Efficacy Trial Identified by Positive-Unlabeled Learning

With a goal of unveiling mechanisms by which vaccines can provide protection against HIV-1 acquisition, several studies have explored correlates of ri...

Predictive Modelling’s role in Improving Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake in High-Risk HIV Groups in Africa: An Integrative Scoping Review

This scoping review explores how predictive modelling can strengthen pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among high-risk populations in Africa, whe...

Harnessing Machine Learning for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance in Zimbabwe

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Zimbabwe, where surveill...

ViraLite: An Ultracompact HIV Viral Load Self-Testing System with Internal Quality Control

The availability of effective antiretroviral therapy has made HIV manageable, provided patients have consistent access to routine viral load (VL) test...

Foundation model embeddings enable cardiovascular screening for people living with HIV in Vietnam using wearable signals

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening faces significant challenges in resource-limited settings, where infrastructure and computational constraints p...

Forecasting trends of HIV infection using deep learning models in East Gojjam zone, North West Ethiopia, 2025

The growing burden of HIV/AIDS, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, presents a significant public health challenge, characterized by increasing morbid...

Machine Learning Approaches to Identify Communities with High HIV Prevalence in Resource-Limited Settings using Social, Economic and Behavioral Data

Identifying communities with high HIV prevalence is crucial for public health officials, researchers, and policymakers to effectively monitor the epid...

Metformin use is associated with lower mortality from bacterial sepsis and improved immunocompetence in Thai diabetes patients with acute melioidosis

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for acquiring infections. Metformin, the first-line treatment for type 2 DM, is associated with benefici...

Using routine laboratory tests to perform early prediction of urine culture results

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, typically diagnosed using a urine culture. However, urine cu...

Developing Predictive Algorithms for Patient Retention Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning to Improve HIV Care in Uganda

Achieving high retention of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in care remains a challenge in Uganda, despite substantial progress towards UNAIDS 95-95-95...

Synthetic Data for Equitable Artificial Intelligence in Rapid Diagnostic Test Interpretation

Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) support affordable disease diagnosis. Machine learning (ML) can improve RDT interpretation but often relies on large, pr...