Universal precautions

PathoGen-X: A Cross-Modal Genomic Feature Trans-Align Network for Enhanced Survival Prediction from Histopathology Images

Accurate survival prediction is essential for personalized cancer treatment. However, genomic data - often a more powerful predictor than pathology data - is costly and inaccessible. We present the cross-modal genomic feature translation and alignment network for enhanced survival prediction from histopathology images (PathoGen-X). It is a deep learning framework that leverages both genomic and ...

Machine learning-driven in-hospital mortality prediction in HIV/AIDS patients with infection: a single-centred retrospective study.

() is a widely disseminated betaherpesvirus that typically induces latant infections. In immunocompromised populations, especially transplant and HIV-infected patients, infection increases in-hospital mortality. Although machine learning models have been widely used in clinical diagnosis and prognosis prediction, reports on machine learning model predictions for the in-hospital mortality of HIV...

Referring Human Pose and Mask Estimation in the Wild

We introduce Referring Human Pose and Mask Estimation (R-HPM) in the wild, where either a text or positional prompt specifies the person of interest...

Review on article of preoperative prediction in chronic hepatitis B virus patients using spectral computed tomography and machine learning.

This letter comments on the article that developed and tested a machine learning model that predicts lymphovascular invasion/perineural invasion statu...

Development of a Machine Learning Modeling Tool for Predicting HIV Incidence Using Public Health Data From a County in the Southern United States.

BACKGROUND: Advancements in machine learning (ML) have improved the accuracy of models that predict human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence. Thes...

Gradient-free Post-hoc Explainability Using Distillation Aided Learnable Approach

The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), with the release of several large models having only query access, make a strong case for e...

Structural causal influence (SCI) captures the forces of social inequality in models of disease dynamics

Mathematical modelling has served a central role in studying how infectious disease transmission manifests at the population level. These models hav...

Bayesian estimation of transmission networks for infectious diseases

Reconstructing transmission networks is essential for identifying key factors like superspreaders and high-risk locations, which are critical for de...

Using Machine Learning to Identify Patients at Risk of Acquiring HIV in an Urban Health System.

BACKGROUND: Effective measures exist to prevent the spread of HIV. However, the identification of patients who are candidates for these measures can b...

Identification of putative coral pathogens in endangered Caribbean staghorn coral using machine learning.

Coral diseases contribute to the rapid decline in coral reefs worldwide, and yet coral bacterial pathogens have proved difficult to identify because 1...

Improving Adversarial Transferability with Neighbourhood Gradient Information

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be susceptible to adversarial examples, leading to significant performance degradation. In black-box attack...

The Literature Review Network: An Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Systematic Literature Reviews, Meta-analyses, and Method Development

Systematic literature reviews are the highest quality of evidence in research. However, the review process is hindered by significant resource and d...

Leaf Angle Estimation using Mask R-CNN and LETR Vision Transformer

Modern day studies show a high degree of correlation between high yielding crop varieties and plants with upright leaf angles. It is observed that p...

AI-based IsAb2.0 for antibody design.

Therapeutic antibody design has garnered widespread attention, highlighting its interdisciplinary importance. Advancements in technology emphasize the...

A Multi-view Mask Contrastive Learning Graph Convolutional Neural Network for Age Estimation

The age estimation task aims to use facial features to predict the age of people and is widely used in public security, marketing, identification, a...

Diff4VS: HIV-inhibiting Molecules Generation with Classifier Guidance Diffusion for Virtual Screening

The AIDS epidemic has killed 40 million people and caused serious global problems. The identification of new HIV-inhibiting molecules is of great im...

Accelerating MRI Uncertainty Estimation with Mask-based Bayesian Neural Network

Accurate and reliable Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) analysis is particularly important for adaptive radiotherapy, a recent medical advance capabl...

SafaRi:Adaptive Sequence Transformer for Weakly Supervised Referring Expression Segmentation

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) aims to provide a segmentation mask of the target object in an image referred to by the text (i.e., referrin...

PathoLM: Identifying pathogenicity from the DNA sequence through the Genome Foundation Model

Pathogen identification is pivotal in diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases, crucial for controlling infections and safeguarding public heal...

Unsupervised representation learning with Hebbian synaptic and structural plasticity in brain-like feedforward neural networks

Neural networks that can capture key principles underlying brain computation offer exciting new opportunities for developing artificial intelligence...