Universal precautions

Integrating machine learning and multi-criteria decision analysis for health risk management in water distribution networks.

Leakages and breaks in water distribution networks (WDNs) cause significant water losses and pose health risks due to pathogen intrusion. The Water Safety Plan (WSP), developed by the World Health Organization (WHO), provides a comprehensive framework for identifying, assessing, and controlling risks within water supply systems. This study demonstrates the application of the WSP framework through ...

The dynamics of hepatitis B transmission with treatment and vaccination: A case study in the Ili Region of Xinjiang, China, by a physics-informed neural networks approach.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, and long-term control relies on sustained immunization and effective reduction of transmission. In high-burden settings, vaccination programs have expanded substantially, but there still exist differences in the immune response effect after vaccination and the phenomenon of post-vaccinati...

AI-Based Markerless Computer Vision Framework for Open Surgery Skill Assessment: A Prototype Assessment Framework.

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) enables hand motion tracking from standard surgical video recordings; however, translating these data into mean...

HIV and Substance Use Reduction for Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Development and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Youth experiencing homelessness face heightened vulnerability to HIV infection and substance use due to complex structural, psychosocial, ...

The Combination of Machine Learning and Metabolomics for the Clinical Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lacks biomarkers with a high sensitivity and specificity. This study was to find sensitive and s...

Digital twin-centered food safety management systems: A review of IoT, AI, and blockchain integration for bacterial pathogen control.

The digitalization of food safety management systems (FSMS) represents a crucial strategy for mitigating persistent pathogen contamination and foodbor...

The VP1 Protein of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus: Bridging Pathogenicity and Control Strategies.

The Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious pathogen affecting cloven-hoofed animals. Its major structural protein, VP1, serves as ...

Multi-omics precision diagnosis of brucellosis: Advances in biomarker discovery and clinical application.

Brucellosis, a neglected zoonosis caused by intracellular Brucella bacteria, remains a formidable global public health challenge, especially in develo...

WormSpot: a machine learning-powered viability scoring platform in C. elegans for Candida pathogenicity studies.

UNLABELLED: Invasive Candida infections pose a critical health challenge, exacerbated by emerging antifungal resistance. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. el...

Application of machine-learning algorithms to identify the key determinants of risk for HIV, hepatitis C and hepatitis B in primary care settings.

BACKGROUND: Testing for Blood-Borne-Viruses (BBVs) such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV)...

Transcriptomic Analysis of Shared Lipid Metabolism in Chronic Hepatitis B and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Weighted Gene Expression Network Analysis.

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequently coexist, and lipid metabolic dysregulation may represent a shared b...

Protein Language Model Embeddings Improve HIV Drug Resistance Prediction: A Comprehensive Benchmark with Attention-Based Interpretability.

MOTIVATION: Accurate prediction of HIV drug resistance from viral sequences is critical for optimising antiretroviral therapy. Traditional machine-lea...

Breaking the culture habit: Complementing culture-based veterinary diagnostics with metagenomic data -A case study of feline and canine skin infections.

BACKGROUND: Skin infections have been described as the primary cause for veterinary small animal practice visits, frequently requiring topical and sys...

Arctic deep-sea hydrothermal microbiomes as a natural niche for novel antimicrobial peptides.

BACKGROUND: The escalating threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has created an urgent need for new antimicrobial agents. Antimicrobial peptides (A...

Limited 'heft' of weight-based outcomes in predicting influenza A virus disease severity in ferrets.

Studies evaluating viral pathogenicity in small mammalian models often quantify disease severity using the magnitudes of temperature rise and weight l...

Emerging Therapeutic Paradigms in Tuberculosis: Nanocarriers, Host-Directed Strategies, and Translational Pharmacology.

TB remains a significant global health burden due to protracted therapeutic courses, poor patient compliance, and toxicities associated with drug trea...

KEGG orthology-based machine learning reveals functional determinants of antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.

UNLABELLED: Antimicrobial resistance represents a critical global health threat, with Acinetobacter baumannii classified as a priority pathogen due to...

Positron emission tomography imaging of inflammation and infection in children: an update.

Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used in pediatric oncology since the modality gained traction 20 years ago but has been used more sparingl...

A Biomimetic Nanozyme Engineered via Coordination and Confinement for Photothermal-Reinforced Catalytic Detection of Extracellular Vesicles and Diagnosis of Cancer.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for liquid biopsy. However, their clinical detection is hampered by heterogeneity an...

Short-horizon PM2.5 forecasting from multi-station networks: a mask-aware, leakage-safe framework.

Accurate short-horizon forecasts of fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) at station resolution are critical for advisories, clinical preparedness, and epis...