Universal precautions

Artificial Intelligence-Empowered Single-Cell Phenotyping for Rapid, Automated Pathogen Diagnostics.

Accurate bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) are essential for timely clinical decision-making. Conventional diagnostic methods typically require 24-48 h, leading to inappropriate empirical therapy, accelerating antimicrobial resistance, and worsening patient outcomes. Here, we present an integrated diagnostic platform that combines microfluidic single-cell bact...

Distinguishing common respiratory pathogens using machine learning of symptom profiles to prioritize diagnostic testing.

Clinical symptoms are critical for diagnosing and managing upper respiratory tract infections, yet systematic comparisons across common pathogens remain limited. We aimed to characterize symptom signatures across common respiratory pathogens and to develop approaches that support the prioritization of diagnostic testing across pathogens. Using a large-scale, home-based multiplex PCR testing datase...

Integrated evaluation of rapid diagnostic testing, genotypic-phenotypic resistance profiling, and AI-Assisted prediction models for antimicrobial stewardship and clinical outcomes in a resource-limited setting.

INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a major global health concern, necessitating timely and accurate diagnostic approaches to guide a...

Precision Medicine in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: A Comprehensive Review.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most pressing threats to global public health, undermining the effectiveness of modern antimicrob...

Antimicrobial peptides for tuberculosis in a post-antibiotic era: from in vitro promise to therapeutic potential.

Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious pathogen, driven by prolonged treatment regimens and escalating drug resistan...

AI for Prognosis Among People Living With HIV: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Advanced HIV disease remains a major global health concern, with nearly 40.8 million people living with HIV as of 2024. Antiretroviral the...

Acceptability, Usability, and Clinical Appropriateness of an AI-Powered Tool for Linkage to HIV Services After HIV Self-Testing in South Africa: Mixed Methods Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Timely linkage to HIV prevention and treatment services following HIV self-testing (HIVST) remains a challenge in many countries. While HI...

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-based prediction of tuberculosis treatment failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide, and treatment failure contributes to ongoing transmis...

Emerging and Re-Emerging Viral Infections in Poultry: Integrating Traditional and AI-Based Control Strategies.

Poultry production remains significantly challenged by emerging and re-emerging avian viral diseases, which are influenced by host-pathogen interactio...

Emerging therapies against infections due to free-living amoebae.

INTRODUCTION: Pathogenic free-living amoebae, including Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris, are rare but frequently fata...

Conserved dimerization architecture in C-type lectins from virus-vector mosquitoes.

C-type lectins (CTLs) play key roles in immunity and microbial carbohydrate recognition. In the vector-mosquito Aedes aegypti, the C-type lectin domai...

The next frontier: AI, multi-omics, and predictive models for weight gain in HIV.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: People with HIV (PWH) are increasingly susceptible to excess weight gain and obesity after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Ho...

Clinical DVH metrics as a loss function for 3D dose prediction in head and neck radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: Deep learning-based three-dimensional (3D) dose prediction is widely used in automated radiotherapy workflows. However, most existing models ...

Unraveling the molecular Nexus of Alzheimer's Disease and HIV encephalitis: The role of cellular senescence and transcriptional regulation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) share progressive cognitive decline. Their common molecular mechanisms rema...

Stephania cepharantha Hayata (Baiyaozi) attenuates cirrhosis-associated intestinal barrier injury by restoring mitochondrial function and suppressing PI3K/AKT signaling.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Baiyaozi, the dried tuberous root of Stephania cepharantha Hayata, has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine ...

[Advances in phage therapy for pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae].

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) has emerged as a formidable nosocomial pathogen in the era of antimicrobial resistance, with mortality from pneumonia cause...

Advances and opportunities in point-of-care detection of toxic metals: a review of electrochemical and non-electrochemical approaches.

Heavy metal contamination remains a persistent global threat to human health and the environment, driving the urgent need for rapid, portable, and sen...

Comparative Performance of AI Models and Clinicians in Evidence-Based Cardiovascular Disease Management for People Living With HIV: Comparative Study.

BACKGROUND: Although widespread antiretroviral therapy has extended the life expectancy of people living with HIV, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has em...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering for the diagnosis of respiratory viruses.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has become a promising tool for rapid and sensitive respiratory pathogen detection. However, relevant reviews...

Optimizing mask selection for obstructive sleep apnea treatment with CPAP.

Selecting an appropriate mask is crucial for the success of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Using a patient-centered approach, the purpose...