Universal precautions

Alendronate/Vitamin D for attenuating bone mineral density loss during antiretroviral initiation: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is associated with decreases in bone mineral density (BMD). To plan for a larger trial, we sought to obtain preliminary estimates for the difference in the change in BMD at 48 weeks achieved with 24 weeks of prophylactic alendronate/vitamin D during ART initiation compared to no intervention, the within-group standard deviation of this change, and intra-pat...

Anti-Microbial Potential of Nano-Emulsion form of Essential Oil Obtained from Aerial Parts of L. as Food Additive.

Foodborne diseases are still a serious problem in public health and natural compounds are being widely considered for their potential industrial protective additive in food products. L. has been known as an antimicrobial effective herb. This present study was carried out to examine the antimicrobial effect of essential oil nanoemulsion in comparison with conventional emulsion. The essential oi...

Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-1-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.

Vitamin D insufficiency has been associated with faster progression of atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular disease risk, but limited data ar...

A Survey on Hand Pose Estimation with Wearable Sensors and Computer-Vision-Based Methods.

Real-time sensing and modeling of the human body, especially the hands, is an important research endeavor for various applicative purposes such as in ...

Scanning electron microscopy and machine learning reveal heterogeneity in capsular morphotypes of the human pathogen Cryptococcus spp.

Phenotypic heterogeneity is an important trait for the development and survival of many microorganisms including the yeast Cryptococcus spp., a deadly...

Detection of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae on the basis of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry by using supervised machine learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is emerging as a significant pathogen causing healthcare-associated infections. Matrix-a...

Integration of shared-pathogen networks and machine learning reveals the key aspects of zoonoses and predicts mammalian reservoirs.

Diseases that spread to humans from animals, zoonoses, pose major threats to human health. Identifying animal reservoirs of zoonoses and predicting fu...

Cenicriviroc, a dual CCR2 and CCR5 antagonist leads to a reduction in plasma fibrotic biomarkers in persons living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.

Chronic HIV is associated with increased inflammation and tissue fibrosis despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Monocytes and macrophages...

Prediction of Contact Residues in Anti-HIV Neutralizing Antibody by Deep Learning.

The monoclonal antibody 1C10 targets the V3 loop of HIV-1 and neutralizes a broad range of clade B viruses. However, the mode of interaction between 1...

Characterization of low level viraemia in HIV-infected patients receiving boosted protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral regimens.

To understand the pathogenesis of low level viraemia (LLV) in HIV-infected patients on boosted protease inhibitors (PI/b), we enrolled 34 subjects wit...

Design, Modeling, and Evaluation of Fabric-Based Pneumatic Actuators for Soft Wearable Assistive Gloves.

Textile fabrics are compliant, lightweight, and inherently anisotropic, making them promising for the design of soft pneumatic actuators. In this arti...

Person Re-Identification with Feature Pyramid Optimization and Gradual Background Suppression.

Compared with face recognition, the performance of person re-identification (re-ID) is still far from practical application. Among various interferenc...

Application of artificial neural networks to describe the combined effect of pH, time, NaCl and ethanol concentrations on the biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus.

Biofilms are organized communities, adherent to the surface and resistant to adverse environmental and antimicrobial agents. So, its control is very i...

Characterizing Protein-Ligand Binding Using Atomistic Simulation and Machine Learning: Application to Drug Resistance in HIV-1 Protease.

Over the past several decades, atomistic simulations of biomolecules, whether carried out using molecular dynamics or Monte Carlo techniques, have pro...

VAMPr: VAriant Mapping and Prediction of antibiotic resistance via explainable features and machine learning.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing threat to public health. Current methods of determining AMR rely on inefficient phenotypic approaches,...

Using machine learning methods to determine a typology of patients with HIV-HCV infection to be treated with antivirals.

Several European countries have established criteria for prioritising initiation of treatment in patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) by...

An effective approach for CT lung segmentation using mask region-based convolutional neural networks.

Computer vision systems have numerous tools to assist in various medical fields, notably in image diagnosis. Computed tomography (CT) is the principal...

Drug resistance patterns in HIV patients with virologic failure in Iran.

We reviewed the medical charts of 1,700 patients diagnosed with HIV who referred to a central HIV clinic in Tehran between 2004 and 2017. Participants...

Clinical impact of normal alanine aminotransferase on direct-acting antiviral outcome in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aimed to clarify the clinical picture of hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers with normal alanine aminotransferase (CNALT)...

Identification of Tomato Disease Types and Detection of Infected Areas Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Object Detection Techniques.

This study develops tomato disease detection methods based on deep convolutional neural networks and object detection models. Two different models, Fa...