Urology

AI-SOFA: An EMR-integrated Nursing Informatics-driven Decision Support System for Mortality Risk-informed ICU Clinical Decision-making.

Accurate and timely mortality prediction is essential for nursing clinical decision-making in intensive care units (ICUs). Although the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is widely used to evaluate organ dysfunction, its manual calculation limits routine application in fast-paced clinical environments. This study aimed to enhance ICU system-level safety and workflow efficiency by ref...

Radiation-induced erectile dysfunction in prostate cancer: A systematic review of pathophysiology, clinical radiobiology, and predictive modeling.

BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced erectile dysfunction (RIED) remains one of the most prevalent and distressing late toxicities among prostate cancer survivors. Despite advances in radiation therapy techniques, its underlying mechanisms, dose-response relationships, and predictive modeling strategies are not yet fully understood. METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase and ...

Artificial Intelligence in Digital Pathology for Prostate Cancer Detection: FDA Clearance and Real-World Implementation.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising adjunct in surgical pathology, particularly in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, where variabi...

Integrated bibliometric and machine learning analyses identify candidate autophagy related therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Autophagy is increasingly recognized as a promising therapeutic target in prostate cancer (PCa), yet its research landscape has not been syst...

Identification of lactate metabolism-related genes as kidney fibrosis biomarkers through integrated transcriptomic and experimental analyses.

Kidney fibrosis, the final pathological outcome of chronic kidney disease, lacks reliable biomarkers, and the role of lactylation in its pathogenesis ...

Aging-driven transcriptional programs in diabetic kidney disease: multi-omics discovery of diagnostic biomarkers and drug-repurposing targets.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the primary global cause of end-stage renal disease. However, the aging-related gene networks driving its...

Medical student reliance on artificial intelligence in nephrology education.

BACKGROUND: Large language models such as ChatGPT are increasingly used in medical education and may influence student learning and decision-making. D...

Evaluating Large Reasoning Models Versus Human Multidisciplinary Teams in Lung Cancer Decision-Making: Real-World Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) and large reasoning models (LRMs) have shown excellent performance on medical benchmarks, although evaluation...

Evaluating Risk Factors Associating With Late Recurrence After Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer Using Machine Learning.

BACKGROUND: The Phoenix definition is widely used to define biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radiation therapy for prostate cancer; however, a defin...

Machine Learning Analysis of Sex Differences in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk Factors and Prognosis Among Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Coronary Artery Calcification: Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Patients with coronary artery calcification exhibit notable sex differences in clinical presentation, particularly concerning the role of ...

The PAR dataset: Prostate biopsy whole slide images from an underrepresented Middle Eastern population.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in digital pathology. Publicly available histopathology datasets remain scarce, and those that do ex...

Acute kidney injury severity in ICU patients: Developing and evaluating a data-driven analysis of clinical covariates using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. Existing classification systems rely on s...

Causal association and shared mechanisms between Graves' disease and prostate cancer: insights from Mendelian randomization, machine learning, and comprehensive bioinformatics.

BACKGROUND: Observational studies link hyperthyroidism to increased prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but causality and mechanisms remain unclear. Graves' d...

Development of a predictive marker panel for the individualised bDMARD therapy of psoriatic arthritis: protocol for a prospective observational study (Integrate-PsA).

INTRODUCTION: Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that can affect the axial skeleton as well as the joints and enthesis. Following t...

Current and Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Subtyping of Primary Aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism is a common and potentially curable cause of secondary hypertension, yet it remains substantially underdiagnosed. Current diagno...

A prospective development and evaluation of a 2D convolutional neural network-based auto-segmentation model for cervical cancer radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Accurate delineation of target volumes and organs at risk (OAR) is essential in radiotherapy planning for cervical cancer. Deep learning (...

Accelerating prostate MRI: a practical review of modern acquisition strategies.

Prostate MRI has become a key tool in the detection, localization, and staging of prostate cancer, as well as in active surveillance. Despite its diag...

Improving hard-to-place kidney allocation: A machine learning approach to center ranking.

Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal disease, yet donor scarcity and inefficiencies in allocation systems create majo...

Rapid diagnostics innovations for urinary tract infections using molecular biology, artificial intelligence and antimicrobial resistance surveillance: a comprehensive review.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most prevalent bacterial infections worldwide, accounting for a major clinical impact due to high recurr...

Letter to the Editor: Diagnostic assessment of artificial intelligence reconstruction on accelerated prostate MRI: a retrospective, paired, multireader multi-case study.