Urology

MAAR-Net: Multi-scale attention-assisted residual neural network for renal microvascular structure segmentation.

Renal disease represents a significant public health concern, with renal microvascular lesions playing a crucial role in disease progression. Accurate segmentation of this microvasculature is therefore essential for precise pathologic evaluation. While deep learning offers substantial opportunities in medical image segmentation, the complex structure of renal microvessels poses a considerable chal...

Convolutional neural networks for prostate cancer detection, classification, and segmentation: A systematic review and bibliometric analysis.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer represents the second most common malignancy among men globally, necessitating accurate diagnostic methodologies for optimal patient outcomes. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a core deep learning methodology, have emerged as transformative technologies for automated prostate cancer detection, classification, and segmentation across multiple imaging modalities. MAT...

Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy in Kidney and Bladder Cancer: Current Evidence and Emerging Paradigms.

Neoadjuvant systemic therapy has emerged as a strategy to improve outcomes in high-risk localized genitourinary malignancies. In bladder cancer, neoad...

AI-based BRAIx risk score for the intermediate-term prediction of breast cancer: a population cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms are being implemented in breast screening to detect breast cancers on mammographic images. W...

Characterization of Kidney and Liver Cystic Phenotype Associated with GANAB Using Advanced Imaging Biomarkers.

UNLABELLED: : Background and Hypothesis: Monoallelic pathogenic variants in GANAB cause autosomal dominant cystic kidney and liver disease, but quanti...

Influence of body composition on the efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI) with nivolumab+ipilimumab is a first-line (1L) standard for metastatic clear cell renal cell car...

A domain-adaptive deep contrastive network for magnetic resonance imaging-driven bladder cancer classification.

Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies of the urinary system and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. With advances in m...

Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals metabolic dysfunction signatures as critical determinants of prostate cancer prognosis and immunosuppressive microenvironments.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer. However, the precise mechanisms by which specific metabolic pathways drive prostate cance...

Machine learning approaches to optimize the integration of sociodemographic factors for predicting cancer-specific survival among patients with high-risk prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: Sociodemographic factors influence the outcomes of prostate cancer (PCa); however, they are rarely incorporated into clinical risk predict...

Advances and challenges of PET imaging in bladder cancer-An update and future trends.

Molecular imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful tool in the clinical management of bladder cancer, providing functional inform...

AutoPET Challenge on Fully Automated Lesion Segmentation in Oncologic PET/CT Imaging, Part 2: Domain Generalization.

This article reports the results of the second iteration of the autoPET challenge on automated lesion segmentation in whole-body PET/CT, held in conju...

PSA-1DCNN: Multimodal Biomarker and Text Integration for Lung Cancer Diagnosis.

Integrating multimodal data, such as unstructured clinical narratives and quantitative blood biomarkers, remains a major challenge in modern healthcar...

Benchmarking multiple instance learning architectures from patches to pathology for prostate cancer detection and grading using attention-based weak supervision.

Histopathological evaluation is necessary for the diagnosis and grading of prostate cancer, which is still one of the most common cancers in men globa...

Integrated scRNA-seq and bulk transcriptomics identify an amino acid metabolism-associated prognostic signature and highlight FUS as a potential driver in prostate cancer progression.

Prostate cancer (PCa) exhibits marked metabolic heterogeneity, yet the prognostic implications of amino acid metabolism remain insufficiently characte...

From data to decision: integrating causality AI and predictive analytics in endourological practice-a descriptive guide for clinicians from EAU Endourology.

PURPOSE: The proposed review aims to provide a guide on current developments of artificial intelligence in Endourological practice, with an insight an...

Renal interstitial inflammation predicts IgA nephropathy progression via multiple machine learning models.

BACKGROUND: Renal interstitial inflammation (RII) is a frequent pathological feature in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but its prognostic value remains uncer...

ASO Visual Abstract: Lymph Node Invasion Prediction in Prostate Cancer: A Comparative Machine Learning Study.

Integrated approaches to preventing macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Advances in secondary prevention.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) substantially increases the risk of macrovascular complications, including coronary artery disease, cerebr...

Generalizability of deep learning-based dose conversion model in proton beam therapy.

BACKGROUND: In proton beam therapy (PBT), the analytical pencil beam (PB) algorithm involves dose uncertainties in inhomogeneous regions, making accur...

Predicting Macrophage Spatial Localization from Single-Cell Transcriptomes to Uncover Disease Mechanisms.

When cells are isolated for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), their positional information is inevitably lost. Here, an algorithm termed MERLIN ...