Urology

Artificial intelligence in bladder cancer management: a narrative review of diagnostic and surgical advances and current limitations.

INTRODUCTION: Bladder cancer (BC) is associated with high recurrence and progression rates that require intensive surveillance. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers promising tools to enhance diagnostic, prognostic, and surgical pathways. AREAS COVERED: This narrative review critically examines the current state of AI applications across the bladder cancer care focusing on diagnost...

Generalizable Deep Learning for Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification: Multicenter Study Integrating 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and mpMRI.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, with rising mortality rates necessitating precise risk stratification. High-invasive biological features-specifically International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade, extracapsular extension (EPE), and positive surgical margins (PSM)-are critical for guiding treatment but are difficult to detect due to tumor heterogene...

A Deep Learning Model for Dynamic Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury in Heart Failure Patientss.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop and validate a dynamic prediction model for acute kidney injury (AKI) in heart failure (HF) patients. METHODS:...

Development of a Patient-Specific Fontan Failure Risk Calculator Using Machine Learning - A Step Towards Personalized Medicine.

OBJECTIVE: The Fontan operation is the final step in staged palliation for patients with single ventricle physiology. It has extended their life expec...

Active guidance in ultrasound bladder scanning using reinforcement learning.

Accurate measurement of bladder volume is essential for diagnosing urinary retention and voiding dysfunction. However, finding optimal view can be cha...

Co-occurrence patterns and related risk factors of dementia and Parkinson's disease among older adults across 204 countries and territories: a spatial correspondence and systematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dementia and Parkinson's disease (PD) are among the most prevalent neurological disorders globally. Most previous research has focused on ...

Predicting the Future Burden of Renal Replacement Therapy in Türkiye Using National Registry Data and Comparative Modeling Approaches.

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease is a growing public health problem worldwide, and the number of patients requiring renal replacement therapy is ste...

Medicinal chemistry meets nanotechnology: machine learning assisted colorimetric sensing platform for oxalic acid based on drug mediated copper oxide nanoparticles.

Increased levels of oxalic acid are associated with an increased risk of kidney stone formation, which can lead to renal failure. In addition, its hig...

Genetic relationships between the gut microbiota and prostate cancer: Mendelian randomization combined with bioinformatics analysis.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of male cancer-related death globally. While the gut microbiota is linked to PCa, its genetic ass...

Peak strain dispersion as a nonlinear mediator in HFpEF: Unraveling subtype-specific pathways via SHAP-augmented ensemble modeling.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a heterogeneous syndrome with diverse pathophysiological mechanisms and ...

A multi-modal approach for decision making in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer remains a major global health challenge, characterized by diagnostic uncertainty, substantial treatment costs and high recurrence rates...

Artificial intelligence in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Transforming diagnosis and therapeutic approaches.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an increasingly prevalent condition associated with hepatic complications and card...

Assessment of Correlation Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Metabolic Biomarkers Using Artificial Intelligence.

BACKGROUND: One of the main causes of blindness in the world, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a dangerous condition that impairs vision in diabetics. Pre...

Mechanism-informed machine learning for individualized tacrolimus dose adjustment in the early post-kidney transplant period.

AIM: Tacrolimus dosing in the early post-kidney transplant period is challenging due to a narrow therapeutic index and substantial interindividual pha...

Rapid, non-invasive diagnosis of tuberculosis using desorption separation ionization mass spectrometry (DSI-MS) and urinary carbonyl metabolite fingerprints.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading global infectious disease that demands rapid, non-invasive diagnostic solutions. Here, we present a rapid urine-ba...

Cell type composition in bulk prostate cancer tissue is a prognostic biomarker.

Prostate cancer, among the most prevalent cancer types globally, exhibits marked heterogeneity and varying disease progression and clinical outcomes. ...

Artificial intelligence in breast cancer screening: A systematic review and meta-analysis of integration strategies.

OBJECTIVE: To compare AI-augmented and conventional double reading in organised breast-cancer screening with respect to cancer-detection rate (CDR), r...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Delayed Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatric Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in pediatric oncology patients is currently under-recognized. This study aims to d...

An old disease, a new linguistic challenge for large language models: patient education on psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis in an underrepresented medical language.

OBJECTIVE: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to patient education, yet their performance in languages that are relatively underrep...

Predicting cardiovascular diseases using imbalanced data: An XGBoost-based analysis of the 2022 BRFSS dataset.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, arising from complex interactions among demographic, clini...