Urology

Radiomics-based IVIM-DWI for early noninvasive assessment of renal allograft dysfunction.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and rigorously validate radiomics-based predictive models using postoperative intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) MRI for the early, noninvasive assessment of impaired renal allograft function (IRF) in kidney transplant recipients. METHODS: This retrospective study included 97 kidney transplant recipients (mean age, 36.77 ± 10.71 years), categor...

Explainable machine learning models for early prediction of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop a data-driven prediction model for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) at the end of surgery using machine learning (ML) algorithms. METHODS: We retrospectively collected clinical data from patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Nanjing First Hospital between June 2016 and January 2023. Feature selection was performed using Lasso regress...

Artificial Intelligence 3D Augmented Reality-guided Robotic Prostatectomy Versus Cognitive MRI Intervention: Results of the Prospective Randomized RIDERS Trial.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Three-dimensional (3D) augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have recently been introduced to...

Do patients with renal calculi exhibit viscerosomatic reflexes as evident on CT imaging?

CONTEXT: Experimental evidence supporting the existence of the viscerosomatic reflex highlights an involvement of multiple vertebral levels when renal...

Histopathology-only Artificial Intelligence for Prostate Cancer: Towards Accessible Risk Stratification.

Machine learning prediction of multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections in brain and spinal cord injury patients: a dual-center validation study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections (MDR UTIs) are a growing concern in patients with brain and spinal cord injurie...

Genomic and Transcriptomic Profiling of High-risk Bladder Cancer Reveals Diverse Molecular and Microenvironment Ecosystems.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: High-risk bladder cancer recurs in 30% of cases and causes fatal outcomes in 10% within 2 yr despite surgical resection, end...

Precision Nutritional Genomics, Gut Microbiota and Artificial Intelligence in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a prevalent global health issue, and nutritional management of CKD is an integral component through all stages of the ...

Illuminating Mouse Renal Proximal Tubule Architecture through High-Resolution Volume EM and Machine Learning Analysis.

KEY POINTS: High-resolution 3D imaging reveals new features of proximal tubule ultrastructure that suggested mechanisms for regulating kidney function...

Development and Validation of a Novel Plasma Metabolomic Signature for the Detection of Renal Cell Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Early diagnosis is critical for improving survival in renal cell carcinoma (RCC); yet, effective laboratory tests remain lac...

Interpretable artificial intelligence to predict preoperative risk factors for failure to rescue after coronary artery bypass grafting.

OBJECTIVE: Failure to rescue (FTR) is a significant quality indicator for postoperative cardiothoracic care. We developed an interpretable artificial ...

Development and validation of a prognostic model and risk calculator for the estimation of bipolar-spectrum disorder risk in hospitalised adolescents with non-psychotic/non-bipolar mental disorders.

We aimed to develop and validate a risk estimation model for developing bipolar-spectrum disorders (BSD) in psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents b...

Role of NNMT and NM23A for diagnosis of RCC: Renal Cell Carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the diagnostic potential of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and NM23A as biomarkers for renal cell carcinom...

Liquid biopsy based on multi-targeted capture of urinary tumor DNA combined with machine learning to detect urothelial carcinoma: a multicenter prospective study.

PURPOSE: Diagnostics for urothelial carcinoma have low sensitivity, thereby negatively impacting diagnostic outcomes. Herein, we present BiovueUro, a ...

Multidrug-resistant pathogens in UTIs: A concise review of epidemiology, diagnostics, and patent landscaping for precision healthcare.

UTIs are regarded as the second most prevalent global problem, with 150 to 250 million cases reported annually. Poor hygiene, anatomical abnormalities...

A novel Convolutional Shuffle Attention Xtreme Gradient Boost Network for improved lung cancer detection using computed tomography images.

Lung cancer is a severe and life-threatening type of cancer that originates in the lung tissues. Computed Tomography (CT) image emerges as the primary...

Detection and classification of medical images using deep learning for chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an advancing disease which significantly impacts global healthcare, requiring early detection and prompt treatment is ...

AI-powered insights in pediatric nephrology: current applications and future opportunities.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly emerging as a transformative force in pediatric nephrology, enabling improvements in diagnostic accuracy, ther...

Comparison of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0 and DeepSeek in generating dietary plans for patients with chronic kidney disease: A focus on nutritional accuracy and dietary inflammation.

BACKGROUND: Our previous research indicated that ChatGPT-3.5 was inadequate in generating nutritionally accurate dietary plans for patients with chron...

The prognostic significance of metabolic score for insulin resistance in evaluating all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk among individuals across stages 1-4 of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKM) embodies the intricate interaction among metabolic, kidney, and cardiovascular dysf...