US Health Policy

The Ways in Which Stakeholders Make Decisions About AI and Novel Technologies for the Health Care of Older Adults: Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve health among older adults, yet how different stakeholders decide to develop, finance, and adopt AI innovations is not well understood. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to understand the decision-making of different stakeholders regarding AI and technologies for the health care of older adults. METHODS: We conducted semistructured int...

Heterogeneity in the association between antihypertensive medications and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias risk: A multidimensional machine learning analysis to inform drug repurposing.

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) place an immense burden on patients, families, and health systems in the United States. Hypertension is highly prevalent in ADRD patients, and antihypertensive medications (AHMs) may confer neuroprotective benefits. However, evidence of association between AHM use and ADRD risk remains limited, especially by drug classes and across populat...

Cross-species ALP-associated gene signature from canine osteosarcoma stratifies metastatic status in human osteosarcoma: A comparative oncology approach.

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is an aggressive primary bone tumor of humans and dogs, with metastatic progression remaining the major determinant of poor outcome...

Artificial intelligence in prostate MRI: Comparative diagnostic performance in a high-prevalence cohort.

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in prostate cancer diagnostic workflows but remains insufficiently validated in high-preva...

Optimising the breast radiotherapy planning pathway: a quality improvement project at a regional cancer centre.

At the South West Wales Cancer Centre, breast radiotherapy accounts for 24% of the radiotherapy workload. In 2021, only 16% of patients started treatm...

Evolution of swine influenza surveillance and one health governance in Taiwan: from zoonotic risk management to integrated preparedness.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) remain a persistent global threat because of rapid antigenic change, frequent genetic reassortment, and cross-species trans...

Thermodynamics and Kinetics of CO2 Sorption and Water Remediation on Waste Polyurethane Foam-Derived Hybrids.

Converting waste into dual-function materials for both atmospheric and aqueous remediation remains a formidable challenge in realizing a circular econ...

Can AI Make Paediatric PET/CT Lower Dose? Opportunities, Evidence and Cautions.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential enabling technology for lower-dose paediatric PET/CT, but its value depends on whether dose re...

Measuring disparate impact in human and machine decisions.

Empirical analyses have grown increasingly important in discrimination litigation with the greater availability of detailed data on individuals and de...

Early Prediction of Critical Care Interventions From Pediatric Emergency Department Triage.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Most pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in the United States use Emergency Severity Index (ESI) system to triage patient...

Machine Learning Analysis of Sex Differences in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Risk Factors and Prognosis Among Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Coronary Artery Calcification: Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Patients with coronary artery calcification exhibit notable sex differences in clinical presentation, particularly concerning the role of ...

Machine learning evaluation of clinical, social and behavioural factors influencing progression from pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study in southeast Michigan.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to use machine learning (ML) models to investigate the impact of clinical, social and behavioural factors on 1-year progression fr...

Assessing the readability of AI-generated medication counseling for common Medicaid drug classes: metformin, lisinopril, and atorvastatin.

BACKGROUND: Metformin, lisinopril, and atorvastatin rank among the most commonly prescribed medications for Medicaid patients; however, patients often...

Explainable deep learning for multi-country energy forecasting and sustainability analysis using climate and socio-economic indicators.

Climate change and socio-economic factors have made predicting energy demand and assessing sustainability important problems in today's energy systems...

AI-Assisted Chest X-Ray Interpretation in Resource-Limited Settings: LuAna Stepped-Wedge Trial Protocol.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform chest radiography interpretation by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, identifying...

Germinal vesicle oocytes' rescue: a worthless treatment or a patient-centred approach? Eight years of clinical experience in poor prognosis patients.

STUDY QUESTION: Does germinal vesicle (GV) rescue by IVM provide a meaningful clinical benefit in patients with unexpectedly low mature oocyte yield, ...

Exploring the Role of Large Language Models in Primary Care: Qualitative Study of Physicians in the United States and the Netherlands.

BACKGROUND: Primary care is becoming increasingly complex, with primary care physicians (PCPs) facing rising workloads driven by workforce shortages, ...

Green radiology (part 1): environmental sustainability and energy consumption in medical imaging, with perspectives from Japan.

Climate change is an important public health challenge, and healthcare itself contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. Within healthcare, radiology is...

AI can copy, but can't create culture: Collective identity redefinition among Vietnamese creative professionals in the age of generative AI.

Drawing on social identity theory (SIT), this qualitative study examines how AI adoption threatens the professional social identity of content creator...

Improving insurance deduction identification: a hybrid artificial intelligence model using machine learning and expert systems.

PURPOSE: Financial challenges in healthcare systems worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Iran, have increased hospitals' rel...