Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Apr 19, 2024
Over the past few years, machine learning models have significantly increased in size and complexity, especially in the area of generative AI such as large language models. These models require massive amounts of data and compute capacity to train, t...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Apr 17, 2024
Design of hardware based on biological principles of neuronal computation and plasticity in the brain is a leading approach to realizing energy- and sample-efficient AI and learning machines. An important factor in selection of the hardware building ...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Apr 1, 2024
Suction is a highly evolved biological adhesion strategy for soft-body organisms to achieve strong grasping on various objects. Biological suckers can adaptively attach to dry complex surfaces such as rocks and shells, which are extremely challenging...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Mar 25, 2024
Aquatic locomotion is challenging for land-dwelling creatures because of the high degree of fluidity with which the water yields to loads. We surprisingly found that the Chinese rice grasshopper , known for its terrestrial acrobatics, could swiftly l...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Mar 7, 2024
Proteins are a diverse class of biomolecules responsible for wide-ranging cellular functions, from catalyzing reactions to recognizing pathogens. The ability to evolve proteins rapidly and inexpensively toward improved properties is a common objectiv...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Mar 4, 2024
The potential of engineered enzymes in industrial applications is often limited by their expression levels, thermal stability, and catalytic diversity. De novo enzyme design faces challenges due to the complexity of enzymatic catalysis. An alternativ...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Feb 22, 2024
We administer a Turing test to AI chatbots. We examine how chatbots behave in a suite of classic behavioral games that are designed to elicit characteristics such as trust, fairness, risk-aversion, cooperation, etc., as well as how they respond to a ...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Feb 20, 2024
Sex plays a crucial role in human brain development, aging, and the manifestation of psychiatric and neurological disorders. However, our understanding of sex differences in human functional brain organization and their behavioral consequences has be...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Feb 1, 2024
Proteins play a central role in biology from immune recognition to brain activity. While major advances in machine learning have improved our ability to predict protein structure from sequence, determining protein function from its sequence or struct...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Jan 29, 2024
Amino acid mutations that lower a protein's thermodynamic stability are implicated in numerous diseases, and engineered proteins with enhanced stability can be important in research and medicine. Computational methods for predicting how mutations per...