AI Medical Compendium Journal:
Radiological physics and technology

Showing 31 to 40 of 46 articles

Tooth detection for each tooth type by application of faster R-CNNs to divided analysis areas of dental panoramic X-ray images.

Radiological physics and technology
This study aimed to propose a computerized method for detecting the tooth region for each tooth type as the initial stage in the development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme for dental panoramic X-ray images. Our database consists of 160 pa...

Deep-learning-based fast TOF-PET image reconstruction using direction information.

Radiological physics and technology
Although deep learning for application in positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction has attracted the attention of researchers, the image quality must be further improved. In this study, we propose a novel convolutional neural network (...

Simultaneous brain structure segmentation in magnetic resonance images using deep convolutional neural networks.

Radiological physics and technology
In brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, rapidly acquired two-dimensional (2D) T1-weighted sagittal slices are typically used to confirm brainstem atrophy and the presence of signals in the posterior pituitary gland. Image segmentation...

Investigation of clinical target volume segmentation for whole breast irradiation using three-dimensional convolutional neural networks with gradient-weighted class activation mapping.

Radiological physics and technology
This study aims to implement three-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3D-CNN) for clinical target volume (CTV) segmentation for whole breast irradiation and investigate the focus of 3D-CNNs during decision-making using gradient-weighted class...

Comparison of performances of conventional and deep learning-based methods in segmentation of lung vessels and registration of chest radiographs.

Radiological physics and technology
Conventional machine learning-based methods have been effective in assisting physicians in making accurate decisions and utilized in computer-aided diagnosis for more than 30 years. Recently, deep learning-based methods, and convolutional neural netw...

Investigation of pulmonary nodule classification using multi-scale residual network enhanced with 3DGAN-synthesized volumes.

Radiological physics and technology
It is often difficult to distinguish between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules using only image diagnosis. A biopsy is performed when malignancy is suspected based on CT examination. However, biopsies are highly invasive, and patients with benig...

AI-based computer-aided diagnosis (AI-CAD): the latest review to read first.

Radiological physics and technology
The third artificial intelligence (AI) boom is coming, and there is an inkling that the speed of its evolution is quickly increasing. In games like chess, shogi, and go, AI has already defeated human champions, and the fact that it is able to achieve...

Overview of image-to-image translation by use of deep neural networks: denoising, super-resolution, modality conversion, and reconstruction in medical imaging.

Radiological physics and technology
Since the advent of deep convolutional neural networks (DNNs), computer vision has seen an extremely rapid progress that has led to huge advances in medical imaging. Every year, many new methods are reported at conferences such as the International C...

Automated segmentation of 2D low-dose CT images of the psoas-major muscle using deep convolutional neural networks.

Radiological physics and technology
The psoas-major muscle has been reported as a predictive factor of sarcopenia. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the psoas-major muscle in axial images has been indicated to correlate well with the whole-body skeletal muscle mass. In this study, we e...