AIMC Topic: Healthcare Disparities

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Evaluating machine learning model bias and racial disparities in non-small cell lung cancer using SEER registry data.

Health care management science
BACKGROUND: Despite decades of pursuing health equity, racial and ethnic disparities persist in healthcare in America. For cancer specifically, one of the leading observed disparities is worse mortality among non-Hispanic Black patients compared to n...

The bias algorithm: how AI in healthcare exacerbates ethnic and racial disparities - a scoping review.

Ethnicity & health
This scoping review examined racial and ethnic bias in artificial intelligence health algorithms (AIHA), the role of stakeholders in oversight, and the consequences of AIHA for health equity. Using the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, databases were searched b...

Integrating Catholic Social Teaching with AI Ethics to Address Inequity in AI Healthcare.

Journal of religion and health
Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare can potentially improve patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and diagnostic accuracy. However, it also raises serious ethical issues, especially in light of possible disparities in the distribution and ...

Acquisition parameters influence AI recognition of race in chest x-rays and mitigating these factors reduces underdiagnosis bias.

Nature communications
A core motivation for the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine is to reduce existing healthcare disparities. Yet, recent studies have demonstrated two distinct findings: (1) AI models can show performance biases in underserved populations,...

Health inequities, bias, and artificial intelligence.

Techniques in vascular and interventional radiology
Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain leads to significant healthcare utilization, decreased productivity, and disability globally. Due to its complex etiology, MSK pain is often chronic and challenging to manage effectively. Disparities in pain management-infl...

Ameliorating Racial Disparities in HIV Prevention via a Nurse-Led, AI-Enhanced Program for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Utilization Among Black Cisgender Women: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study.

JMIR research protocols
BACKGROUND: HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a critical biomedical strategy to prevent HIV transmission among cisgender women. Despite its proven effectiveness, Black cisgender women remain significantly underrepresented throughout the PrEP car...

Mavacamten in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: Prospects for AI integration and mitigating healthcare disparities.

Current problems in cardiology
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is an autosomal dominant condition that still remains significantly under-diagnosed worldwide. Early detection through clinical evaluation, imaging, and familial history is crucial to prevent severe comp...

Free access via computational cloud to deep learning-based EEG assessment in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: revolutionary opportunities to overcome health disparities.

Pediatric research
In this issue of Pediatric Research, Kota et al. evaluate a novel monitoring visual trend using deep-learning - Brain State of the Newborn (BSN)- based EEG as a bedside marker for severity of the encephalopathy in 46 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic en...

Social determinants of health and disparities in spine surgery: a 10-year analysis of 8,565 cases using ensemble machine learning and multilayer perceptron.

The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The influence of SDOH on spine surgery is poorly understood. Historically, researchers commonly focused on the isolated influences of race, insurance status, or income on healthcare outcomes. However, analysis of SDOH is becoming ...

Use of artificial intelligence to address health disparities in low- and middle-income countries: a thematic analysis of ethical issues.

Public health
OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping health and medicine, especially through its potential to address health disparities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there are several issues associated with the use of AI tha...