AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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Clinical Trial Eligibility Criteria Decomposition and Parsing with Large Language Models.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
Clinical trial eligibility criteria, often presented as complex free text, pose significant challenges for automated processing. This study introduces a Decomposition and Parsing (DP) workflow to address these challenges by systematically breaking do...
Humans Natural Language Processing Eligibility Determination Alzheimer Disease Large Language Models Clinical Trials as Topic
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Performance of Open-Source Large Language Models to Extract Symptoms from Clinical Notes.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
In this study, we examined how well the open-source foundational large language models (LLMs) can extract symptoms and signs (S&S), along with their corresponding ICD-10 codes, from clinical notes found in the public MTSamples dataset. The dataset co...
Large Language Models Electronic Health Records Natural Language Processing International Classification of Diseases Symptom Assessment Humans Data Mining
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Human in the Loop: Embedding Medical Expert Input in Large Language Models for Clinical Applications.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
The state-of-the-art performance of large language models (LLMs) in medical natural language (NLP) tasks, including medical query answering, summarization of clinical notes, and generation of medical reports has led to the development of a large numb...
Expert Systems Biological Ontologies Epilepsies, Myoclonic Large Language Models Electronic Health Records Natural Language Processing Humans
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An Ensemble Approach Integrating Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models and Boosting Algorithms for Enhanced Catatonia Phenotyping.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
A critical first step in using large-scale data to study catatonia is the development of precise phenotyping algorithms that can identify instances of the condition. In this work, we present an ensemble approach that combines retrieval-augmented gene...
Phenotype Electronic Health Records Natural Language Processing Machine Learning Algorithms Large Language Models Catatonia Humans
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Pilot Application of a Large Language Model to Identify Hospitalisation from Unstructured Electronic Health Records in Residential Aged Care Facilities.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
Older people in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) visit hospitals and utilise healthcare services more often than others in the community. Trends in hospitalization rates are essential for designing targeted aged care interventions to reduce p...
Humans Electronic Health Records Hospitalization Data Mining Large Language Models Australia Homes for the Aged Aged Natural Language Processing Pilot Projects
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Integrating Large Language Models and Machine Learning for Enhanced Catatonia Phenotyping: A Study on Clinical Data from Electronic Health Records.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
Catatonia, a complex syndrome with diagnostic challenges, was studied using a novel approach combining LightGBM and GPT-4 to enhance phenotyping from electronic health record (EHR) data. LightGBM, trained on structured data, achieved superior perform...
Natural Language Processing Large Language Models Catatonia Phenotype Electronic Health Records Humans Machine Learning
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Enhancing Interpretability of Ocular Disease Diagnosis: A Zero-Shot Study of Multimodal Large Language Models.

Studies in health technology and informatics Aug 7, 2025
Visual foundation models have advanced ocular disease diagnosis, yet providing interpretable explanations remains challenging. We evaluate multimodal LLMs for generating explanations of ocular diagnoses, combining Vision Transformer-derived saliency ...
Humans Natural Language Processing Eye Diseases Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Large Language Models
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A large language model for predicting neurotoxic peptides and neurotoxins.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society Aug 1, 2025
The accurate prediction of neurotoxicity in peptides and proteins is essential for the safety evaluation of therapeutic proteins and genetically modified (GM) organisms. Existing tools, including our earlier method NTxPred, typically use a single pre...
Databases, Protein Software Neurotoxins Large Language Models Humans Peptides Machine Learning
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RAPID: Reliable and efficient Automatic generation of submission rePortIng checklists with large language moDels.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Aug 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an automated reporting checklist generation tool using large language models and retrieval augmentation generation technology, called RAPID.
Periodicals as Topic Research Report Information Storage and Retrieval Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Humans Publishing Checklist Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models
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Confidence-linked and uncertainty-based staged framework for phenotype validation using large language models.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Aug 1, 2025
OBJECTIVES: This study develops and validates the confidence-linked and uncertainty-based staged (CLUES) framework by integrating large language models (LLMs) with uncertainty quantification to assist manual chart review while ensuring reliability th...
Stroke Large Language Models Uncertainty Hospitalization Natural Language Processing Republic of Korea Reproducibility of Results Phenotype Electronic Health Records Humans
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