AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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High-performance automated abstract screening with large language model ensembles.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA May 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: screening is a labor-intensive component of systematic review involving repetitive application of inclusion and exclusion criteria on a large volume of studies. We aimed to validate large language models (LLMs) used to automate abstract sc...
Systematic Reviews as Topic Abstracting and Indexing Large Language Models Humans Natural Language Processing
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Robust privacy amidst innovation with large language models through a critical assessment of the risks.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA May 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the integration of electronic health records (EHRs) and natural language processing (NLP) with large language models (LLMs) to enhance healthcare data management and patient care, focusing on using advanced language mo...
Humans Natural Language Processing Electronic Health Records Computer Security United States Confidentiality Large Language Models Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
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Utilizing large language models for detecting hospital-acquired conditions: an empirical study on pulmonary embolism.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA May 1, 2025
OBJECTIVES: Adverse event detection from Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) is challenging due to the low incidence of the event, variability in clinical documentation, and the complexity of data formats. Pulmonary embolism as an adverse event (PEAE) ...
Sensitivity and Specificity Male Middle Aged Young Adult Adult Alberta Large Language Models Iatrogenic Disease Adolescent Natural Language Processing Pulmonary Embolism Female Aged Humans Aged, 80 and over Electronic Health Records
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Enhancing Large Language Models with Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Radiology-Specific Approach.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence May 1, 2025
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a strategy to improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) by providing an LLM with an updated corpus of knowledge that can be used for answer generation in real time. RAG may improve LLM performance...
Humans Retrospective Studies Radiology Natural Language Processing Information Storage and Retrieval Large Language Models
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LLMER: Crafting Interactive Extended Reality Worlds with JSON Data Generated by Large Language Models.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics May 1, 2025
The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 with Extended Reality (XR) technologies offers the potential to build truly immersive XR environments that interact with human users through natural language, e.g., generating and animating 3...
Computer Graphics Large Language Models Imaging, Three-Dimensional Natural Language Processing Augmented Reality User-Computer Interface Virtual Reality Humans Algorithms Language
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Large language models are less effective at clinical prediction tasks than locally trained machine learning models.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA May 1, 2025
OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent to which current large language models (LLMs) can serve as substitutes for traditional machine learning (ML) as clinical predictors using data from electronic health records (EHRs), we investigated various factors ...
Large Language Models Male Humans Middle Aged Language Machine Learning ROC Curve Female Algorithms Electronic Health Records
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Evaluating the Performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Answering and Analysing the Chinese Dental Licensing Examination.

European journal of dental education : official journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe May 1, 2025
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to simulate diverse scenarios of students employing LLMs for CDLE examination preparation, providing a detailed evaluation of their performance in medical education.
China Educational Measurement Education, Dental Large Language Models Licensure, Dental
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Enhancing Oncological Surveillance Through Large Language Model-Assisted Analysis: A Comparative Study of GPT-4 and Gemini in Evaluating Oncological Issues From Serial Abdominal CT Scan Reports.

Academic radiology May 1, 2025
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare the capabilities of two leading large language models (LLMs), GPT-4 and Gemini, in analyzing serial radiology reports, to highlight oncological issues that require further clinical attention.
Radiography, Abdominal Abdominal Neoplasms Large Language Models Adult Sensitivity and Specificity Male Middle Aged Natural Language Processing Radiology Information Systems Female Reproducibility of Results Aged Humans Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Impact of ChatGPT and Large Language Models on Radiology Education: Association of Academic Radiology-Radiology Research Alliance Task Force White Paper.

Academic radiology May 1, 2025
Generative artificial intelligence, including large language models (LLMs), holds immense potential to enhance healthcare, medical education, and health research. Recognizing the transformative opportunities and potential risks afforded by LLMs, the ...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Language Large Language Models Radiology Generative Artificial Intelligence Curriculum United States Advisory Committees
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Editorial Commentary: Large Language Models Like ChatGPT Show Promise, but Clinical Use of Artificial Intelligence Requires Physician Partnership.

Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association May 1, 2025
Forcing ChatGPT and other large language models to perform roles reserved for physicians and other health care professionals-namely evaluation, management, and triage-poses a threat from regulatory, risk management, and professional perspectives. The...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Physicians Generative Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models
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