AIMC Topic: Skull

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Transcranial Phase Correction Using Pulse-Echo Ultrasound and Deep Learning: A 2-D Numerical Study.

IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control
Phase aberration caused by human skulls severely degrades the quality of transcranial ultrasound images, posing a major challenge in the practical application of transcranial ultrasound techniques in adults. Aberration can be corrected if the skull p...

Artificial intelligence-based forensic sex determination of East Asian cadavers from skull morphology.

Scientific reports
Identification of unknown cadavers is an important task for forensic scientists. Forensic scientists attempt to identify skeletal remains based on factors including age, sex, and dental treatment remains. Forensic scientists commonly consider skull o...

Sparse convolutional neural network for high-resolution skull shape completion and shape super-resolution.

Scientific reports
Traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) methods rely on dense tensors, which makes them suboptimal for spatially sparse data. In this paper, we propose a CNN model based on sparse tensors for efficient processing of high-resolution shapes repr...

EPT-Net: Edge Perception Transformer for 3D Medical Image Segmentation.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging
The convolutional neural network has achieved remarkable results in most medical image seg- mentation applications. However, the intrinsic locality of convolution operation has limitations in modeling the long-range dependency. Although the Transform...

Embryonic cranial cartilage defects in the Fgfr3 mouse model of achondroplasia.

Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
Achondroplasia, the most common chondrodysplasia in humans, is caused by one of two gain of function mutations localized in the transmembrane domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) leading to constitutive activation of FGFR3 and subseq...

Robotic calvarial bone sampling.

Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery : official publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of complex unicortical calvarial harvesting by using the Cold Ablation Robot-Guided Laser Osteotome (CARLO® primo+). A cadaveric study was performed with a progressive complexity of the bone harvest...

Brain tumor detection and screening using artificial intelligence techniques: Current trends and future perspectives.

Computers in biology and medicine
A brain tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue located inside the skull. In addition to putting pressure on the healthy parts of the brain, it can lead to significant health problems. Depending on the region of the brain tumor, it can cause a wide range...

Automated identification of piglet brain tissue from MRI images using Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks.

PloS one
Magnetic resonance imaging is an important tool for characterizing volumetric changes of the piglet brain during development. Typically, an early step of an imaging analysis pipeline is brain extraction, or skull stripping. Brain extractions are usua...

Physics-informed neural networks for transcranial ultrasound wave propagation.

Ultrasonics
Transcranial ultrasound imaging has been playing an increasingly important role in the non-invasive treatment of brain disorders. However, the conventional mesh-based numerical wave solvers, which are an integral part of imaging algorithms, suffer fr...