AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Species Specificity

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A classification-occupancy model based on automatically identified species data.

Ecology
Occupancy models estimate a species' occupancy probability while accounting for imperfect detection, but often overlook the issue of false-positive detections. This problem of false positives has gained attention recently with the rapid advancement o...

AI-based coral species discrimination: A case study of the Siderastrea Atlantic Complex.

PloS one
Species delimitation in hard corals remains controversial even after 250+ years of taxonomy. Confusing taxonomy in Scleractinia is not the result of sloppy work: clear boundaries are hard to draw because most diagnostic characters are quantitative an...

INTREPPPID-an orthologue-informed quintuplet network for cross-species prediction of protein-protein interaction.

Briefings in bioinformatics
An overwhelming majority of protein-protein interaction (PPI) studies are conducted in a select few model organisms largely due to constraints in time and cost of the associated 'wet lab' experiments. In silico PPI inference methods are ideal tools t...

m5C-Seq: Machine learning-enhanced profiling of RNA 5-methylcytosine modifications.

Computers in biology and medicine
Epigenetic modifications, particularly RNA methylation and histone alterations, play a crucial role in heredity, development, and disease. Among these, RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) is the most prevalent RNA modification in mammalian cells, essential fo...

Sequence-Based Machine Learning Reveals 3D Genome Differences between Bonobos and Chimpanzees.

Genome biology and evolution
The 3D structure of the genome is an important mediator of gene expression. As phenotypic divergence is largely driven by gene regulatory variation, comparing genome 3D contacts across species can further understanding of the molecular basis of speci...

Contrastive machine learning reveals species -shared and -specific brain functional architecture.

Medical image analysis
A deep comparative analysis of brain functional connectome across species in primates has the potential to yield valuable insights for both scientific and clinical applications. However, the interspecies commonality and differences are inherently ent...

Reported liver toxicity of food chemicals in rats extrapolated to humans using virtual human-to-rat hepatic concentration ratios generated by pharmacokinetic modeling with machine learning-derived parameters.

The Journal of toxicological sciences
Pharmacokinetic data are not generally available for evaluating the toxicological potential of food chemicals. A simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model has been established to evaluate internal exposures to chemicals in rats or...

Using deep learning artificial intelligence for sex identification and taxonomy of sand fly species.

PloS one
Sandflies are vectors for several tropical diseases such as leishmaniasis, bartonellosis, and sandfly fever. Moreover, sandflies exhibit species-specificity in transmitting particular pathogen species, with females being responsible for disease trans...

Dorsoventral comparison of intraspecific variation in the butterfly wing pattern using a convolutional neural network.

Biology letters
Butterfly wing patterns exhibit notable differences between the dorsal and ventral surfaces, and morphological analyses of them have provided insights into the ecological and behavioural characteristics of wing patterns. Conventional methods for dors...

Mouse-Geneformer: A deep learning model for mouse single-cell transcriptome and its cross-species utility.

PLoS genetics
Deep learning techniques are increasingly utilized to analyze large-scale single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, offering valuable insights from complex transcriptome datasets. Geneformer, a pre-trained model using a Transformer Encoder archite...