Latest AI and machine learning research in addictions for healthcare professionals.
The medial prefrontal cortex integrates information about salience and valence of stimuli, including rewarding solutions like alcohol and sucrose, and regulates aspects of alcohol seeking and consumption. However, our understanding of how cortical outputs encode alcohol consumption is limited. Using fiber photometry to measure calcium activity in putative prelimbic (PrL) glutamatergic projection n...
Background Personalized medicine promises to tailor treatments to the individual, but it carries a hidden risk: mistaking statistical noise for actionable clinical insight. Current machine learning approaches often provide predictions, but fail to inform clinicians when those predictions are unreliable. Objective Develop a deployment-readiness framework that integrates causal inference, interpreta...
Recent work shows that text-only reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) can match or outperform image-text RLVR on multimodal medical V...
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a multifactorial condition with severe individual and societal impacts. Extending our 2024 study, this work examines lif...
Lifestyle and environmental factors such as diet, physical activity, residential greenspace exposure, alcohol consumption, and sleep are increasingly ...
Introduction: Recreational and medical cannabis use (CU) information is often available within the electronic health record (EHR) in a format that is ...
Hepatotoxicity remains a leading cause of drug attrition and post-marketing withdrawal, resulting from diverse and complex toxicity mechanisms. Tradit...
The nicotine addiction public health crisis continues to be pervasive. In this century alone, the tobacco industry has released and marketed new produ...
In 2024, approximately 30% of U.S. adolescents reported having consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime, with about 25% of these individuals e...
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, with rising burdens in Africa due to ageing populations, lifesty...
Across minimal neural networks and small transformer models, we demonstrate that experience ordering alone can produce durable, irreversible behaviora...
Background and Aims: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains a major public health concern, with persistent disparities in access to evidence-based treatme...
Background: Australian health practitioners are regulated under the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law, with serious conduct matters referred...
Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for qualitative analysis in substance use research, yet their performance relative to human coders ...
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasingly common cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults that is driven by ca...
The opioid epidemic continues to ravage communities worldwide, straining healthcare systems, disrupting families, and demanding urgent computational s...
Diffusion models over discrete spaces have recently shown striking empirical success, yet their theoretical foundations remain incomplete. In this pap...
Background and Objective: Blood pressure treatment response is variable in individual patients, and the choice of medical therapy is often dependent o...
This paper proposes a machine learning-based framework for asset selection and portfolio construction, termed the Best-Path Algorithm Sparse Graphical...
Dopamine (DA) has been implicated in exploration-exploitation behaviour, i.e., exploring novel, potentiallybetter options vs. exploiting known, previo...