Pediatrics

ADHD/ADD

Latest AI and machine learning research in adhd/add for healthcare professionals.

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Real-world clinical validation of brainstem-based ocular biomarkers for ADHD classification in children and adults.

Current ADHD diagnostic practices rely on subjective rating scales and continuous performance tests with limited specificity. We propose an objective deep-learning approach classifying ADHD via task-evoked pupil diameter and binocular eye-movement synchrony during a visual cueing task in 439 participants across 14 clinical centers. We implemented two independent models: a multiple instance learnin...

Jul 15 2026 42448769

Transcranial photobiomodulation improves prefrontal oxygenation and impulse control in adults with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Impulsivity in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diminishes quality of life. Cortical hypometabolism has been hypothesized to contribute to ADHD. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a safe, non-invasive method for stimulating the prefrontal cortex (PFC), yet its cognition-enhancing effect on impulsivity and sustained attention in adults with ADHD re...

Jul 14 2026 42449279
Beyond transparency: why Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) need explainable artificial intelligence (XAI).

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is rapidly expanding, creating new opportunities for digital d...

Jul 14 2026 42449434
Integrative multi-omics reveals MHC class II-mediated neuroinflammation and systemic metabolic dysregulation as transdiagnostic drivers in major brain disorders.

Psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),...

Jul 14 2026 42448663
Transforming Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Key Milestones and Future Perspectives.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive disease of the precapillary pulmonary arteries, characterized by fibroproliferative vascu...

Jul 13 2026 42441757
Community Health Nurses' Perceptions of Emerging Artificial Intelligence and its Impact on Nursing Practice: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study.

BackgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) continues to emerge into nursing practice with much of the AI research being conducted in the acute care sector...

Jul 10 2026 42429540
Evaluation of an AI Medical Scribe After 236,153 Notes Generated Across Care Levels in a European Health System: Mixed Methods Retrospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Clinicians spend a substantial share of their working hours on documentation, contributing to workflow inefficiencies, reduced patient-fac...

Jul 10 2026 42430713
Habenula as a neural mediator of inattentive traits and sustained attention variability: A 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging study.

BACKGROUND: Sustained attention requires continuous engagement and is sensitive to individual differences in motivational processes. Variability in su...

Jul 10 2026 42431563
Transdiagnostic behavioral and sociodemographic influences on the cognitive-adaptive functioning gap in neurodivergent children.

Adaptive functioning typically aligns with cognitive ability in the general population, but this relationship appears more complex in neurodivergent p...

Jul 10 2026 42431939
Enhancing the Effectiveness of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Screening Using the SNAP-IV: A Deep Learning Approach.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition requiring early and accurate identification to optimize outco...

Jul 8 2026 42421187
Hierarchies of Smell: Structuring the molecular odor space using Semantic Taxonomies and machine learning.

One of the key challenges to predict odor from molecular structure is unarguably our limited understanding of the odor space and the complexity of the...

Jul 8 2026 42417436
The role and application of task-state fNIRS in identifying biomarkers in children and adolescents with ADHD: a systematic review.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a prevalent neurodevelopmental condition, urgently requires objective biomarkers to improve diagnosti...

Jul 7 2026 42412228
AI-enabled GRADE: How the GRADE Working Group will use automation to rate the certainty of evidence of intervention effects.

OBJECTIVE: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group is developing GRADErater (GRADE Rating Automati...

Jul 7 2026 42413633
Computational design of low-volatility lubricants for space using interpretable machine learning.

The function and lifetime of moving mechanical assemblies (MMAs) in space depend on the properties of lubricants. MMAs that experience high speeds or ...

Jul 2 2026 42393762
Automated AI-Based Aortic Measurements From Attenuation Correction CT as an Adjunctive Cardiovascular Risk Biomarker: An International Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Aortic enlargement is a powerful predictor of dissection and rupture, yet it is rarely evaluated during routine myocardial perfusion imagi...

Jul 2 2026 42389791
An attention-infused deep convolutional paradigm for multi-label classification of thoracic pathologies in chest radiographs.

This research proposes an empirical benchmarking study of an attention-infused deep convolutional framework for multi-label thoracic pathology classif...

Jul 2 2026 42393111
Cognitive Process Models Reveal Meaningful Brain-Behavior Associations in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study Stop-signal Task.

Characterizing associations between individual differences in brain activity and behavior remains a primary challenge in functional neuroimaging resea...

Jul 1 2026 41707230
Electrophysiological Correlates of Attention- and Reward-related Brain Activity in Cannabis Users: Stage II Preregistered Research Report of a Longitudinal Study.

Continued drug use is thought to affect neural networks involved in attention and reward processing, with increased attentional bias being granted to ...

Jul 1 2026 41707235
STELLAR-CB: Synthetic Temporal LSTM for Livestock Activity Recognition-Cow Behaviour.

Precision livestock farming (PLF) leverages activity sensors to monitor behaviours like grazing, resting and walking, yet class imbalance in datasets ...

Jul 1 2026 42223978
What AI Cannot Teach: An Epistemological Reconceptualisation of the Nurse Educator Role Based on an Analysis of Carper's Ways of Knowing.

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence into healthcare and education is transforming how nurses teach, learn and acquire knowledge. Despite ...

Jul 1 2026 42252748
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