ADHD/ADD

Breaking the Autophagy-Oxidative Stress Vicious Cycle in Alzheimer's Disease: Lactiflorin Unlocks P62 Dual Phosphorylation via ULK1 Targeting.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. has a long history of medicinal use in traditional Chinese medicine. Classical materia medica and traditional practice describe Paeonia-related medicinal materials for headache, dizziness, restlessness, and other neurological or behavioral manifestations, particularly in disorders traditionally associated with blood or yin ...

State-Specific Segmental Abnormalities of White Matter Structure and Function in Pediatric Bipolar Disorders.

OBJECTIVE: White matter (WM), as the critical infrastructure for neural communication, is implicated in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) pathophysiology. However, the state-specific abnormalities in the segmental structural and functional properties of adolescent fiber tracts remain unclear. METHODS: Processed fMRI and DTI data from 19 manic-phase PBD (MPBD), 20 euthymic-phase PBD (EPBD), and 17 m...

Integrating socioeconomic context with multimodal EEG data for improved ADHD risk screening.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects millions globally, yet current diagnostic approaches rely on subjective behavioral assessments...

Predictive Safety in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: Promises, Limits, and the Case for an Enterprise Lifecycle Evidence Ecosystem.

Drug safety remains central to patient benefit, as maximizing the value of beneficial therapies requires recognition, appropriate characterization, an...

Understanding compulsive generative AI use among college students through a dual system perspective: An integrated SEM-ANN-NCA approach.

The powerful capabilities of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) have propelled its adoption in higher education in recent years. GAI offers cons...

Non-inferiority analysis of a fetal heart rate artificial intelligence algorithm to registered nurse assessment.

INTRODUCTION: Cardiotocography (CTG) is widely used for monitoring fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine activity (UA) during pregnancy and labor. Clinic...

Synthetic data assurance with conformal prediction.

In this paper, we apply the methods of conformal prediction to the task of synthetic data assurance using images augmented with synthetic weather effe...

DAAF: Dual-stream adaptive attention fusion with distribution alignment for remote sensing object detection.

Remote sensing object detection faces three challenges: extreme scale variation, arbitrary rotational orientations, and complex intermingled backgroun...

Structured prompting as reusable clinical tools.

OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used by clinicians, yet most clinical interactions remain disposable: a question asked, an a...

Does preceding crash information improve classification of injury involvement in subsequent expressway crashes? The role of spatiotemporal linkage.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether preceding-crash characteristics add information for classifying injury involvement in a later expressway crash after ...

Engineering a Timing-Accurate VR-EEG-Oculomotor Fusion System for Objective Assessment of Executive Function in ADHD.

Objective, scalable assessment of executive function in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is limited by subjective rating scales and sin...

Interpretable machine learning for hikikomori screening: The adaptive HRI-15.

Hikikomori, or prolonged social withdrawal, is an issue of global relevance. The HRI-15 is a brief tool for its assessment. This study enhances its ut...

The genetic architecture of epilepsy across molecular mechanisms and clinical heterogeneity.

Epilepsy comprises a highly heterogeneous group of neurological disorders unified by a persistent predisposition to recurrent seizures, yet driven by ...

Microbiome modelling for post-mortem interval estimation across species and climates: swine analogues in a British summer and external validation in human donors from the USA.

Background Microbial clocks have shown high accuracy in estimating time since death, or post-mortem interval (PMI), across diverse contexts, including...

Multimodal Digital Therapeutics Enhanced by Task Design and AI for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Core Symptoms and Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents. Digital therapeuti...

Predicting six-year depression trajectories in adulthood: A super learner ensemble approach using the Add Health dataset.

BACKGROUND: Depression is a leading global cause of disability, and much focus has been directed toward identifying population-wide predictors of adul...

Disarming cGAS-STING hyperactivation in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: Pathogenic mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Aberrant activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has been increasingly recognized as a key dri...

Harmonizing Multi-Institutional Clinical Documentation Using Natural Language Processing in Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP) approaches are increasingly used to support nuanced phenotyping...

Livestock Multi-Omics Integration: A Systematic Framework From Statistical Association to Causal Interpretation.

Livestock multi-omics integration is key to unraveling complex trait regulation, yet systematic, livestock-specific strategies remain scarce. This rev...

Identification of critical brain regions for young adults with obesity and their relationships with impulsivity using machine learning based on neuroanatomical features.

BACKGROUND: Prior obesity neuroimaging studies used univariate methods and small samples, limiting reproducibility. Employing a large-scale dataset an...