Bacterial Infection

Artificial Intelligence Platform EnzySFC for Enzyme Screening and Functional Conversion: Completely Redirecting Nitrilase to Nitrile Hydratase Function.

Catalytic promiscuity provides fundamental insights into enzyme evolution. To address the multiobjective challenges in discovering and evolving promiscuous activities, we developed EnzySFC, an AI-assisted platform that combines de novo enzyme discovery with functional evolution, enabling coordinated optimization of activity and specificity. Using EnzySFC, we experimentally validated 10 uncharacter...

Synergistic impact of Gram-negative bacterial co-infection on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in non-neutropenic patients: a machine learning-based risk stratification approach.

BACKGROUND: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is increasingly recognized in non-neutropenic patients, where coexisting bacterial infections, particularly with Gram-negative pathogens, may impair susceptibility. However, validated tools for early risk stratification in this population remain unavailable. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 437 non-neutropenic adults with bacterial co-infectio...

Semi-supervised multi-class pneumonia classification using a CNN-cascade forest framework.

Medical imaging diagnosis of pneumonia must be accurate at distinguishing between the various disease subtypes but must be resistant to sparse annotat...

Compost fermented with thermophilic Bacillaceae reduces heat stress-induced mortality in laying hens through gut microbial modulation.

BACKGROUND: Heat stress (HS) adversely affects poultry health and productivity. Recently, it has been suggested that the gut microbiota may play a rol...

Linking ecological strategies to niche breadth: interpretable machine learning unravels community patterns of nirS-type aerobic denitrifiers along oxygen gradients in drinking water reservoirs.

Aerobic denitrifying bacteria are increasingly recognized for nitrogen removal in deep drinking-water reservoirs, yet how dissolved oxygen (DO) gradie...

Diagnostic Accuracy of Cerebrospinal Fluid Presepsin vs. Procalcitonin in Post-Neurosurgical Bacterial Ventriculitis/Meningitis: A Machine Learning Analytical Approach.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid presepsin and procalcitonin in patients who had undergone neurosurgery bet...

Real-world Study of Three-gas Breath Testing Nationwide and the Association With Symptoms.

GOALS AND BACKGROUND: Hydrogen (H 2 ) breath testing (BT) is used to diagnose small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and methane (CH 4 ) to dia...

Explainable Temporal Inference for Irregular Multivariate Time Series. A Case Study for Early Prediction of Multidrug Resistance.

OBJECTIVE: Many healthcare problems involve complex patient trajectories represented as Multivariate Time Series (MTS), with predictions often coming ...

Pharmacokinetics and Customized Dosing of Vancomycin in Adult Patients With Hematological Malignancies: Status, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Vancomycin (VAN) remains the first-line treatment for methicillin-resistant, multidrug-resistant gram-positive bacterial infections, even among cancer...

Gut microbiome signatures associated with depression and obesity.

UNLABELLED: Depression and obesity are highly comorbid and likely involve common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms, which could crosslink...

Agri-vision Bangladesh: A multi-crop augmented image dataset for automated disease diagnosis in Bottle Gourd, Zucchini, Papaya, and Tomato.

This article introduces Agri-Vision Bangladesh, a comprehensive, augmented image dataset designed to advance automated disease diagnosis in four econo...

Motion as a Language: Transformer-Based Classification of Antimicrobial Peptide Conformational Dynamics.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics against which many bacteria are rapidly gaining resistance....

Evaluation of a machine learning system for genomic antimicrobial susceptibility determination on a clinically representative test set.

UNLABELLED: Next-generation sequencing is anticipated to transform infectious disease treatment by enabling faster diagnosis, yet a clinical-grade met...

Stage-wise environmental recovery patterns and cross-domain interactions of planktonic bacterial communities in Zhanjiang Bay following typhoon disturbance.

Typhoon events can abruptly alter local biogeochemical cycles, which may strongly influence microbial community structure and ecological interactions....

Bacterial fructan-metabolizing enzymes: modular architecture and biotechnological potential.

Bacterial fructan-metabolizing enzymes exhibit substantial structural and mechanistic diversity to support their biotechnological uses. Recent finding...

Microbiome-Based Modeling of CAR-T Therapy Response in Lymphoma: Insights From Shotgun Metagenomics Sequencing.

The interplay between the commensal microbiota and the mammalian immune system may influence the outcomes of T cell-driven cancer immunotherapies. How...

Bioinspired Multifunctional Hydrogels for Deep Learning-Enabled Wound pH Visual Monitoring and Treatment.

Smart wound dressings capable of real-time environmental monitoring and therapeutic intervention are crucial for managing difficult-to-heal wounds. He...

Confidence-based prediction of antibiotic resistance at the patient level.

Rapid and accurate diagnostics of bacterial infections are necessary for efficient treatment of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Cultivation-based meth...

Structure-based and machine learning-assisted identification of natural phytochemicals targeting Mycobacterium leprae InhA for anti-mycobacterial therapeutics.

Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) is the bacterium that causes leprosy. It is a public health problem in many regions, especially in developing countri...

Optical photothermal infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy assisted by machine learning for lactic acid bacteria identification at strain level.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in food, health, and biotechnology sectors, where accurate strain level identification is critical. Convent...