Cardiovascular

Multimodal AI Methods for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response in Breast Cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) can eliminate all invasive cancer in some breast cancer patients, achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) that is associated with a better prognosis. Prediction of pCR from pre-treatment radiology imaging is challenging but could provide immense value in the treatment planning. We propose a novel multimodal deep learning approach that combines pre-treatment dy...

Precision Oncology via Radiotherapy-Triggered Drug Delivery: Mechanisms, Molecular Engineering, and Clinical Translation.

Radiotherapy-triggered drug delivery systems (RDDS) promise to integrate the spatial precision of ionizing radiation with controllable pharmacological activation. However, clinical translation remains constrained by its reliance on supra-clinical irradiation doses. Here, we present a unifying framework redefining RDDS through two distinct paradigms: structural disassembly and molecular actuation. ...

Radiolabeled drug-delivery and controlled-release nanocarriers for arthritis: Clinical evidence, kinetic modeling, radiation-safety challenges, and precision nanotheranostics.

BACKGROUND: Arthritis comprises a heterogeneous group of inflammatory and degenerative joint disorders characterized by distinct pathological mechanis...

Uncoupling Type I Interferon Benefits From Inflammatory Toxicity: Transformer-Prioritized Precision Agonists for Potent and Safer Cancer Immunotherapy.

Paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy is constrained by an "immunomodulatory paradox," where antitumor Type I Interferon (IFN-I) activation is coupled with de...

Mesoporous-Shell Monolayer Plasmonic Architecture Enables Quantitative and Decision-Guided SERS.

Quantitative surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has long been impeded by stochastic hotspot formation, signal instability, and limited chemica...

Artificial neural network prediction of nonlinear radiative heat transfer and entropy generation in tangent hyperbolic tetra hybrid nanofluid flow over a porous wedge.

An artificial neural network (ANN)-based surrogate modelling approach for forecasting entropy production and heat transfer properties in a tetra-hybri...

AI-Assisted Tumor Boundary Delineation via Targeted Ultrasmall Iron Oxide Nanoprobe for High-Contrast HER2-Positive Tumor Imaging.

Breast cancer continues to be a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women globally, where precise diagnosis and clear tumor demarcation are c...

HisToSpatialCNV: an interpretable deep learning method predicting spatial copy number variations from histopathology images.

Copy number variations (CNV) are key drivers of cancer progression, yet methods for predicting spatial CNVs directly from haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)...

Beyond robotics: a systematic review of technology integration in direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty.

Technology-assisted implant positioning has emerged as a strategy to improve component placement accuracy in total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, th...

Microbiome-Driven Risk Stratification and Biotherapeutics in Radiation Enteritis.

Radiation enteritis (RE) is a severe, dose-limiting complication of cancer radiotherapy that affects the therapeutic outcomes of patients and their qu...

The Lymph Node Ratio as a Predictive Biomarker for Individualized Benefit from Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort and Causal Machine Learning Study.

BACKGROUND: Optimizing adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for gastric cancer (GC) remains challenging due to patient heterogeneity. While the lymph node ratio...

Neoantigen in cancer immunotherapy: mechanism, therapeutic strategies and future perspectives.

Neoantigens are tumor-specific antigens resulting from genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic changes, making them a promising avenue for personalized...

Integrative single-cell sequencing and machine learning analyses identify chronic inflammation and cancer-associated fibroblast subsets as drivers of adverse outcomes in ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest gynecological malignancy, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) often leaving residual fibroblast-enri...

Organ-at-risk contouring education in the era of AI-assisted practice: Insights from an Australian undergraduate radiation therapy program.

INTRODUCTION: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) tools into radiation therapy workflows offers significant opportunities to improve effic...

Machine Learning-Guided Personalized Immunochemotherapy Strategies in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Immunochemotherapy (IO-chemo) has become standard care for patients with unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), but b...

Machine learning-based analysis of average glandular dose in mammography: The role of breast density.

INTRODUCTION: Average glandular dose (Dg) is the primary metric for assessing radiation risk in screening mammography. Although Dg analysis is commonl...

A deep learning-derived risk score model from digital pathology to forecast nivolumab outcomes in gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) is a biomarker predicting responses in gastric cancer (GC) immunotherapy. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to ...

Integrative systems biology identifies PSMB2 as a core oxidative stress-associated target in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents one of the most aggressive and therapeutically challenging subtypes of breast cancer, characterized by...

Two-stage deep learning framework for magnetic resonance imaging-based detection of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVES: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the reference standard for detecting osseous changes in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TM...

Intelligent Organ Recognition Technology Combined With an Artificial Intelligence Iterative Reconstruction Algorithm in Contrast-enhanced CT of the Chest, Abdomen, and Pelvis.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the application value of intelligent organ recognition technology combined with the artificial intelligence iter...