Clinical Trials

How does artificial intelligence in radiology improve efficiency and health outcomes?

Since the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology, the promise has been that it will improve health care and reduce costs. Has AI been able to fulfill that promise? We describe six clinical objectives that can be supported by AI: a more efficient workflow, shortened reading time, a reduction of dose and contrast agents, earlier detection of disease, improved diagnostic accuracy a...

Caudal Epidural Injections in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Comparison of Nonimage, Ultrasonography-, and Fluoroscopy-Guided Techniques. A Randomized Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Caudal epidural injections (CEIs) are widely used in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Imaging modalities, such as fluoroscopy and ultrasonography, are frequently employed to confirm proper needle placement and to prevent possible complications. This is a prospective, randomized, study aiming to compare the efficacy of nonimage, ultrasonography-, and fluoroscopy-guided C...

Pivotal Response Treatment with and without robot-assistance for children with autism: a randomized controlled trial.

Pivotal response treatment (PRT) is a promising intervention focused on improving social communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorde...

The case for AI-driven cancer clinical trials - The efficacy arm in silico.

Pharmaceutical agents in oncology currently have high attrition rates from early to late phase clinical trials. Recent advances in computational metho...

Customizing Robot-Assisted Passive Neurorehabilitation Exercise Based on Teaching Training Mechanism.

Passive movement is an important mean of rehabilitation for stroke survivors in the early stage or with greater paralysis. The upper extremity robot i...

Computational Models Used to Predict Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Systematic Review.

cardiovascular complications (CVC) are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Standard cardiovascular disease risk...

Effects of a Differential Diagnosis List of Artificial Intelligence on Differential Diagnoses by Physicians: An Exploratory Analysis of Data from a Randomized Controlled Study.

A diagnostic decision support system (DDSS) is expected to reduce diagnostic errors. However, its effect on physicians' diagnostic decisions remains u...

ET-score: Improving Protein-ligand Binding Affinity Prediction Based on Distance-weighted Interatomic Contact Features Using Extremely Randomized Trees Algorithm.

The molecular docking simulation is a key computational tool in modern drug discovery research that its predictive performance strongly depends on the...

Robot-assisted Extraperitoneal Para-aortic Lymphadenectomy Is Associated with Fewer Surgical Complications: A Post Hoc Analysis of the STELLA-2 Randomized Trial.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if extraperitoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy (PALND) using a robot-assisted approach was associated with fewer complica...

Ketofol as an Anesthetic Agent in Patients With Isolated Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Prospective, Randomized Double-blind Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: The effects of ketofol (propofol and ketamine admixture) on systemic hemodynamics and outcomes in patients undergoing emergency decompress...

An Artificial-Intelligence-Discovered Functional Ingredient, NRT_N0G5IJ, Derived from , Decreases HbA1c in a Prediabetic Population.

The prevalence of prediabetes is rapidly increasing, and this can lead to an increased risk for individuals to develop type 2 diabetes and associated ...

Injection Site Pain, Onset and Duration of Action of Botulinum Toxin Reconstituted in Normal Saline With and Without Sodium Bicarbonate: A Prospective, Single Center, Randomized, Double-Blind Interventional Study.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin type A injections diluted with the mixture of sodium bicarbonate and normal sal...

Development and validation of smartwatch-based activity recognition models for rigging crew workers on cable logging operations.

Analysis of high-resolution inertial sensor and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data collected by mobile and wearable devices is a relativel...

Efficiency in image-guided robotic and conventional camera steering: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Robotic camera steering systems have been developed to facilitate endoscopic surgery. In this study, a randomized controlled trial was con...

A study on ship collision conflict prediction in the Taiwan Strait using the EMD-based LSSVM method.

Ship collision accidents are the primary threat to traffic safety in the sea. Collision accidents can cause casualties and environmental pollution. Th...

Extraperitoneal Laparoscopic Versus Transperitoneal Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Approaches for Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection During Radical Prostatectomy.

We aim to directly compare the feasibility and safety of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) during transperitoneal robotic-assisted radical...

Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiograms for identification of patients with low ejection fraction: a pragmatic, randomized clinical trial.

We have conducted a pragmatic clinical trial aimed to assess whether an electrocardiogram (ECG)-based, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered clinical d...

Application of machine learning to predict reduction in total PANSS score and enrich enrollment in schizophrenia clinical trials.

Clinical trial efficiency, defined as facilitating patient enrollment, and reducing the time to reach safety and efficacy decision points, is a critic...

An Explainable Machine Learning Approach Based on Statistical Indexes and SVM for Stress Detection in Automobile Drivers Using Electromyographic Signals.

The economic and personal consequences that a car accident generates for society have been increasing in recent years. One of the causes that can gene...

Improving the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy against radioresistant cancers: Leveraging on novel artificial intelligence-based approaches for drug combination discovery.

Despite numerous advances in cancer radiotherapy, tumor radioresistance remain one of the major challenges limiting treatment efficacy of radiotherapy...