Clinical Trials

Pretraining to Recognize PICO Elements from Randomized Controlled Trial Literature.

PICO (Population/problem, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) is widely adopted for formulating clinical questions to retrieve evidence from the literature. It plays a crucial role in Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). This paper contributes a scalable deep learning method to extract PICO statements from RCT articles. It was trained on a small set of richly annotated PubMed abstracts using an LSTM-...

Scoring Patient Fall Reports Using Quality Rubric and Machine Learning.

Patient falls, a subcategory of patient safety events, cause further harm and anxiety to patients in healthcare systems. Patient fall reports are a valuable resource to identify safety issues that demand further attention. Still, the main challenge for patient fall reports is the lack of quality and detail in writing. A method of evaluating patient fall reports would help us better understand the ...

Clinical Safety Incident Taxonomy Performance on C4.5 Decision Tree and Random Forest.

The paper applies an artificial intelligence centered method to classify 12 clinical safety incident (CSI) classes. The paper aims to establish a taxo...

Robot-assisted locomotor training did not improve walking function in patients with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury: A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of robot-assisted locomotor training in patients with chronic incomplete spinal cord injury.

An outcome model approach to transporting a randomized controlled trial results to a target population.

OBJECTIVE: Participants enrolled into randomized controlled trials (RCTs) often do not reflect real-world populations. Previous research in how best t...

Physical Activity Change in an RCT: Comparison of Measurement Methods.

We aimed to quantify the agreement between self-report, standard cut-point accelerometer, and machine learning accelerometer estimates of physical ac...

Artificial Intelligence and the Future of the Drug Safety Professional.

The healthcare industry, and specifically the pharmacovigilance industry, recognizes the need to support the increasing amount of data received from i...

Predicting Breast Cancer Molecular Subtype with MRI Dataset Utilizing Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm.

To develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm that can predict the molecular subtype of a breast cancer based on MRI features. An IRB-appr...

Randomized controlled trial of an online machine learning-driven risk assessment and intervention platform for increasing the use of crisis services.

OBJECTIVE: Mental illness is a leading cause of disease burden; however, many barriers prevent people from seeking mental health services. Technologic...

Clinical Value of Predicting Individual Treatment Effects for Intensive Blood Pressure Therapy.

BACKGROUND: The absolute risk reduction (ARR) in cardiovascular events from therapy is generally assumed to be proportional to baseline risk-such that...

Angle aided circle detection based on randomized Hough transform and its application in welding spots detection.

The Hough transform has been widely used in image analysis and digital image processing due to its capability of transforming image space detection to...

Efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture in treatment of lumbar disc herniation: a protocol for a cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of electroacupuncture (deep needling) and general orthopedics in treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), and to ...

The Effectiveness of Social Robots for Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Social robots may promote the health of older adults by increasing their perceived emotional support and social interaction...

Comparative Effects of Different Assistance Force During Robot-Assisted Gait Training on Locomotor Functions in Patients With Subacute Stroke: An Assessor-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of progressive reducing assistance force versus full assistance force controlled robot-assi...

Digital Interventions for Mental Disorders: Key Features, Efficacy, and Potential for Artificial Intelligence Applications.

Mental disorders are highly prevalent and often remain untreated. Many limitations of conventional face-to-face psychological interventions could pote...

Current status and future perspective of computational toxicology in drug safety assessment under ontological intellection.

For the safety assessment of pharmaceuticals, initial data management requires accurate toxicological data acquisition, which is based on regulatory s...

Assessment of computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system for pain control during restorative procedures: A randomized controlled trial.

. Local anesthesia is given to decrease pain perception during dental treatments, but it may itself be a reason for pain and aggravate the dental fea...

Anesthetic efficacy of articaine/epinephrine plus mannitol in comparison with articaine/epinephrine anesthesia for inferior alveolar nerve block in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized controlled clinical trial.

It is difficult to achieve successful pulpal anesthesia in mandibular posterior teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The present study aimed...

Comparative Study of the Effects of Chamomile ( L.) and Cabergoline on Idiopathic Hyperprolactinemia: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chamomile is a fascinating plant quoted in several traditional medicine texts, which has broad-spectrum pharmacological activity and medicinal uses. T...

[A real-world study of paritaprevir/ritonavir-ombitasvir combined with dasabuvir in the treatment of genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C].

To recognize the efficacy and safety of paritaprevir/ritonavir-ombitasvir combined with dasabuvir (OBV/PTV/RTV+DSV) in the treatment of genotype 1b c...