Clinical Trials

A large-scale single-cell atlas reveals the pulmonary immune panorama in adult patients with influenza.

RATIONALE: The host immune determinants that distinguish protective from life-threatening responses to influenza are poorly understood. Identifying drivers of immunopathology in the human lung is critical for developing potential therapies. OBJECTIVES: To define the cellular and molecular immune landscape of the lung in mild vs severe influenza and to identify key cellular states and pathways asso...

Inpatient Robotic Therapy for Stroke Survivors With Severe Upper Limb Impairments: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

IMPORTANCE: Understanding how upper extremity (UE) robotic therapy (RT) affects efficiency and effectiveness of inpatient rehabilitation is important to advancing poststroke treatment and recovery. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether UE RT delivered during inpatient rehabilitation improves strength, function, and mobility of the hemiplegic limb. DESIGN: Multisite open-label randomized controlled trial...

From Triage to Intensive Care: A Qualitative Study of Nurses' Experiences with AI-Enabled Decision Support.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled decision support systems are increasingly used in emergency departments and intensive care units to s...

Survivor Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence Integration in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Qualitative Study of Trust, Equity, and Application.

FUNDING: Funding (NIH #1OT2OD037972-01). OBJECTIVE: Artificial intelligence (AI) may enhance the efficiency and personalization of breast cancer (BC) ...

Comparison of Large Language Model-Based Systems and Prompt Engineering for Internal Medicine Clinical Pharmacy Cases.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are an application of artificial intelligence and generate responses to user inquiries that vary in accuracy ...

Predictive Value of Perilesional Fundus Autofluorescence Patterns and OCT-Based Ellipsoid Zone/Retinal Pigment Epithelium Loss Ratios in Geographic Atrophy Growth Rates.

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between perilesional fundus autofluorescence (FAF) patterns and ellipsoid zone (EZ)/retinal pigment epithelium...

Care Robots as Emerging Health Technologies: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Global aging and health care workforce shortages are increasing demand for therapeutic support among older adult and pediatric populations...

Unravelling emergency department triage in everyday practice: An ethnographic study of underlying mechanisms across three Danish emergency departments.

BACKGROUND: Emergency department triage is commonly conceptualised as a standardised classification of patient urgency based on vital signs and presen...

Multitask learning of longitudinal circulating biomarkers and clinical outcomes: identification of optimal machine-learning and deep-learning models.

BACKGROUND: Many circulating biomarkers are assessed at different time intervals during clinical studies. Despite of the success of standard joint mod...

A comprehensive analysis of occupational health and safety risks in civil aviation cargo: Insights from FF-DEMATEL.

BackgroundCivil aviation cargo operations have expanded rapidly, but the occupational health and safety risks faced by cargo workers are still rarely ...

Clinical applications of artificial intelligence in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic kidney disorder leading to kidney failure. Recent advancements in arti...

Innovations in Crisis Line Interventions.

Background: Crisis lines provide evidence-based suicide prevention support that often involves active listening, safety assessment, collaborative prob...

Turning AI hallucinations into scaffolds for morphologic reasoning: A pilot randomized trial of prompt-guided virtual microscopy learning during a focused histology module.

AI is a medical education tool, yet its potential to foster morphologic reasoning remains underexplored. Histology students often struggle to move bey...

A Review of Failure Modes and Safety Strategies of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Materials to Systems.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have rapidly proliferated due to their high energy density, fast charging capability, and long cycle life. However, intri...

Esketamine multi-omic biomarker evaluation in major depressive disorder (EMBER-MDD): concept, objectives and methodologies of a non-clinical investigator-initiated study.

Treatment resistance (TR) in major depressive disorder (MDD) affects a substantial minority of patients and is hard to recognize early, delaying inten...

Use of a Conversational Agent for Training Mental Health Professionals in Suicide Safety Planning: Pilot Feasibility and Acceptability Study.

BACKGROUND: Safety planning is recognized as one of the most effective interventions for reducing suicidal behaviors. The quality of safety plans stro...

Iterative Multidisciplinary Development and Evaluation of a Patient-Facing SDoH Chatbot Using Synthetic Data Simulation.

BACKGROUND: Systematic collection of social determinants of health (SDoH) data remains inconsistent across healthcare settings, despite its critical i...

Teaching AI ethics in medical schools: a scoping review protocol on the ethical-technical balance in curricular frameworks.

INTRODUCTION: The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in healthcare, ranging from diagnostic tools to clinical decision sup...

Clinical artificial intelligence (AI) in Japan: Regulatory pathways, domain-specific evidence, and its data infrastructure from an international perspective.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly across clinical domains, generating both a growing evidence base and dedicated regulatory frameworks...

A two-stage SEM-ANN analysis of digital attitude, cognitive engagement, and digital self-efficacy as determinants of learning effectiveness in the AI era.

Although the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a great impact on education, students' learning effectiveness is still the ultimate...