Clinical Trials

AI chatbots in strabismus care: A multidomain expert evaluation of caregiver-facing information.

AimTo evaluate and compare the performance of five artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots-ChatGPT (OpenAI 4), Google Gemini, Grok (xAI), DeepSeek, and Meta Llama -in delivering accurate, clear, educational, and safe responses to caregiver-facing queries related to strabismus.MethodsSixteen standardized caregiver questions on strabismus were presented to each chatbot in independent sessions. Five fe...

Leveraging the Metabolic Fingerprint of Sleep Deprivation and Sleep Restriction for Forensic Applications: A Machine Learning Study in Oral Fluid Metabolomics.

As sleep loss leads to accidents and impaired safety, a direct metabolic marker would be beneficial for forensic interpretation. In a sufficiently powered, randomized, controlled, crossover trial under realistic conditions, we examined the salivary metabolome of 20 young men (habitual sleep duration 7-9 h) following three interventions: one night of total sleep deprivation, four consecutive nights...

Adaptive multimodal learning for driver cognitive state monitoring using transformer-based fusion with personalized meta-learning and federated optimization.

Road accidents caused by driver fatigue and cognitive overload remain a significant public safety concern. According to recent traffic safety data, dr...

Impact of artificial intelligence on cardiovascular workflow, engagement, and outcomes: a systematic review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is progressively utilized in cardiology; nonetheless, the overarching advantages across various care domains remain ambig...

Rationale and design of a multicenter, prospective, diagnostic clinical study: A study protocol for evaluating the diagnostic validation of deep learning-based noninvasive CT-FFR for in-stent restenosis.

INTRODUCTION: Currently, there are many diagnostic strategies for in-stent restenosis (ISR) used clinically, including invasive coronary angiography (...

Can Large Language Models Predict Patient Treatment Choices? A Discrete Choice Experiment Framework.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the viability of large language models, specifically GPT-4, in predicting patient health preference-consistent choice...

Development and application of an artificial intelligence agent-based case teaching model for health assessment: A quasi-experimental study.

BACKGROUND: Health assessment is a cornerstone of nursing education, playing a pivotal role in fostering comprehensive clinical assessment skills and ...

The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Health Professions Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Health professions education faces increasing challenges from rising health care complexity, pedagogical shifts, and constrained curricula...

VR-H2Safe: a VR-based hydrogen vehicle safety & efficiency optimization platform with V2X integration.

Hydrogen vehicles are facing significant challenges, including safety risks in the event of leakage, high costs associated with physical testing, and ...

Evaluating the clinical safety of large language models in oral cancer-related patient communication: a repeated-prompt observational study.

BACKGROUND: As patients increasingly consult large language models (LLMs) for health-related information, evaluating the clinical safety of AI-generat...

AI-enabled digital wound monitoring after cardiac surgery: a randomised controlled feasibility, safety, and acceptability trial.

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection after cardiac surgery is a common cause of morbidity and unplanned healthcare use, with most infections developing...

Utilizing generative artificial intelligence to create simulated patient for history taking in gynecology.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a generative artificial intelligence based simulated patient model in improving gyneco...

When AI Colludes: Clinical Reliability of Training and Preference Data as a Trustworthy-AI Criterion.

BACKGROUND: Research on artificial intelligence (AI) and mental health has focused largely on harms at deployment, including chatbot safety, sycophanc...

Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence for the Assessment and Rehabilitation of Spatial Neglect: A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI) have been applied to the assessment and rehabilitation of post-stroke ...

Expert Evaluation of the Perceived Accuracy, Relevance, and Safety of Large Language Model-Generated Patient Information in Geriatrics: Cross-Condition Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate patient-oriented medical information. In geriatrics, such information must ...

Machine Learning Prediction and Reducing Overdoses With Electronic Health Record Nudges (mPROVEN) in the Primary Care Setting: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Opioid overdose remains a leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Existing approaches to identify individuals at elevated...

Physician Perspectives on ChatGPT-4o as a Patient Resource for Abdominal Cancer Surgeries: Cross-Sectional Survey.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) models are being increasingly integrated into clinical care. Moreover, the availability of publicly accessibl...

AI in Clinical Decision Support Systems: Promising Applications and Strategies for Managing Data Challenges.

The translation of big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) has advanced from proof of conce...

Understanding how language barriers in the paediatric emergency care setting influences safety of care delivery: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Communication in a family's primary language can support safe care. Vital steps within the care delivery process are contingent on success...

Randomized controlled trial comparing AI-assisted digital and conventional orthodontics: Superior PAR reduction and occlusal outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Advances in digital orthodontics and artificial intelligence (AI) planning have the potential to enhance treatment precision, but randomiz...