Clinical Trials

Machine learning assisted differentiation of low acuity patients at dispatch: The MADLAD randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Resource Constrained Situations (RCS) at Emergency Medical Dispatch centers where there are more patients requiring an ambulance than there are available ambulances are common. Machine Learning (ML) techniques offer a promising but largely untested approach to assessing relative risks among these patients. The study aims to establish whether the provision of ML-based risk scores predic...

AI-assisted videolaryngoscopy improves intubation success: results from a randomized simulation trial.

Video laryngoscopy has become an integral part of today's airway management. Despite its advantages, loss of depth perception and increased cognitive load remain a challenge and not all airway scenarios can be successfully managed and resolved. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of larynGuide, an AI-based software integrated with the C-MAC video laryngoscope, in improving tracheal intubation...

Viewpoint on the Consequences and Mitigation of Cognitive Bias in the Radiological Interpretation of Breast Cancer Imaging Using Artificial Intelligence.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into breast imaging workflows, offering the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, efficien...

Offline constrained policy optimization with safe anchoring.

The application of reinforcement learning (RL) in real-world scenarios is limited due to safety concerns and the distribution-shift challenge in the o...

Using U-Nets to Predict the Effects of Head Motion on Simulated Specific Absorption Rate for Ultra-High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging With Parallel Transmission.

PURPOSE: Ultrahigh-field MRI requires careful management of the specific absorption rate (SAR), which is subject and subject-position dependent. Withi...

Interpretable spatiotemporal traffic crash risk prediction using DMD-based graph neural networks.

Spatiotemporal prediction of urban traffic crashes is an important basis for proactive safety management, yet many existing models have difficulty cap...

Practical Integration of Bedside Real-Time Lung Ultrasound and Electrical Impedance Tomography for Guiding Personalized Perioperative Lung Protective Ventilation in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia.

Patients undergoing cardiothoracic and vascular surgery are at uniquely high risk for postoperative pulmonary complications due to the confluence of s...

Evaluating the effects of adjunct VR-haptic simulator practice in preclinical restorative training and predicting student performance using machine learning: a randomized controlled trial.

Measuring Accuracy (Classification Probabilities, Positive, and Negative Predictive Values) of Executive Function Electroencephalogram Metrics in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosis: Protocol for and Perspectives From the SINCRONIA Study.

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder worldwide, affecting approximately 5%-7%...

The Effect of Parrot Therapy on During Venipuncture Pain in Chronic Patients.

OBJECTIVE: There are no randomized controlled trial (RCT) in the current literature comparing live, robotic, and visual animal-based therapies. This s...

Characterizing heterogeneity and subphenotyping acute respiratory distress syndrome with computed tomography.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome rather than a single disease. Patients who meet the same diagnostic cr...

Evaluation of large language models in supporting autoimmune liver disease diagnosis and clinical decision-making: advantages of reasoning-based models.

INTRODUCTION: Large-language models (LLMs) have demonstrated increasing potential in healthcare, including applications in clinical information retrie...

Quantitative regression of qFibrosis with resmetirom: Exploratory histologic endpoints from the MAESTRO-NASH phase III clinical trial.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Resmetirom, a thyroid hormone beta (THR-β) agonist, has been shown to improve metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MAS...

Effectiveness of Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Minimally Invasive Vertebroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study Focusing on Pain Trajectories and Sagittal Spinal Alignment.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) combined with general anesthesia (GA) versus GA alone ...

Large language models enhance diagnostic reasoning of medical students in rheumatology: a randomized controlled trial.

Robot-Assisted Therapy for Upper Limb Rehabilitation After Stroke: Umbrella Review.

BACKGROUND: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term upper limb disability, severely impacting patients' independence and quality of life. Robot-assiste...

Long-term outcomes of lateral sinus floor elevation: A machine-learning analysis, systematic review, and meta-analysis of predictive factors.

OBJECTIVES: To quantify long-term (≥ 5 years) implant survival after lateral sinus floor elevation (LSFE) and to identify clinical predictors of long-...

AI-based chest X-ray prioritization in the lung cancer diagnostic pathway: the LungIMPACT randomized controlled trial.

Prioritizing artificial intelligence (AI)-detected imaging findings may reduce the time to diagnosis of lung cancer. This prospective, multicentre, ra...

Reimagining Brain Drug Delivery: Mechanistic and Translational Advances in Carbon Nanotube Nanomedicine.

Neurological and neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) present ongoing therapeutic challenges attributed to the structural complexity of the central nerv...

Contemporary clinical incident analysis methods used within acute care settings: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to explore and synthesize the research on the use of contemporary incident analysis methods in acute care ...