Clinical Trials

Real-world analysis of depression-related adverse events associated with the adsorbed anthrax vaccine: integrating pharmacovigilance signals, machine learning risk prediction, and transcriptomic mechanisms.

BACKGROUND: Anthrax remains a life-threatening zoonotic disease in resource-limited settings. Adsorbed anthrax vaccine (AVA, BioThrax) is the only United States-authorized preexposure prophylaxis for high-risk Bacillus anthracis exposure. Although AVA safety has been described, depression-related adverse events (AEs) remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated real-world depression-r...

Heterogeneous Treatment Effects of Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study Using a Japanese ICU Registry.

OBJECTIVE: Randomized trials evaluating the timing of renal replacement therapy (RRT) have informed current practice toward more conservative initiation strategies because of the lack of mortality benefit from early initiation. However, the optimal indications for RRT to offer lifesaving benefits remain uncertain. We aimed to estimate heterogeneous treatment effect of RRT and to identify patient g...

Integrating New Approach Methodologies and Artificial Intelligence to Advance Central Nervous System Toxicity Prediction: Lessons from Preclinical and Clinical Case Studies.

Central nervous system (CNS) toxicities remain a major cause of drug attrition and represent a persistent challenge in predicting neurological risk du...

Behavioral Mechanisms of a Digital Health Intervention for Self-Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Sustaining self-management is critical for optimizing clinical outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although digi...

Optimising Pharmacovigilance Efficiency with MLIT (Machine Learning for Intelligent Triage): A Tool for Statistical Safety Alerts.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Pharmacovigilance is essential to ensuring patient safety by enabling timely identification of adverse reactions in increasingly c...

Inpatient Nurses' Anticipatory Perspectives on Assistive Robots: Qualitative Study.

BACKGROUND: Assistive robots have been proposed to support nursing work by offloading routine, logistical, and physically demanding tasks. However, ex...

Building a Natural Language Processing Augmented Information Support System to Enhance Supportive Care for Patients With Prostate Cancer and Families: User-Centered, Iterative Approach.

BACKGROUND: Patients with prostate cancer and their families face significant challenges during transitions from diagnosis to treatment and posttreatm...

Nurse-Led Ambient AI Scribe for Patient Safety Incident Investigation Reports (Project NARRATE): Retrospective Pre-Post Comparative Document-Quality Study.

BACKGROUND: Patient safety investigation reports support organizational learning only when they are complete, usable, and sufficiently detailed. Conve...

Evaluation of e-health interventions to strengthen nursing care in the neonatal intensive care unit: A systematic review.

PURPOSE: This review explores how e-health interventions are utilized within neonatal intensive care units to support nursing practice, with particula...

TempoSafe-CVS: A Temporal Multi-scale Deep Learning Framework for Automated Assessment of the Critical View of Safety in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Accurate assessment of the critical view of safety (CVS) is essential for preventing bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Existing ...

AI echo INSIGHT study: A prospective blinded randomized trial of artificial intelligence echocardiogram interpretation.

BACKGROUND: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the most commonly performed cardiac imaging modality with over 30 million studies annually. Demand...

Bioactive peptides for meat quality and preservation: Integrating peptidomics and computational screening.

Bioactive peptides generated from meat proteins, fermented meat products, and slaughter by-products have attracted increasing attention as functional ...

Ethical aspects of artificial intelligence use in neonatal intensive care units: a scoping review.

UNLABELLED: This study aims to map ethical, legal, social, professional, and implementation issues associated with artificial intelligence (AI) in neo...

ChatGPT and Large Language Models in Contemporary Nursing.

OBJECTIVES: This narrative review synthesizes published evidence on the applications, benefits, limitations and governance considerations of ChatGPT a...

Sociodemographic bias in LLMs' clinical decision-making for dizziness.

ObjectiveAs large language models (LLMs) enter clinical decision support, concerns persist about sociodemographic bias. We assessed whether LLM recomm...

STAT3 signaling inhibitors for cancer treatment.

Pharmacological targeting of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) in cancer has demonstrable antitumor efficacy. However, suitab...

Clinician-facing artificial intelligence and guideline adherence: a structured narrative review of comparative and interventional evidence.

PURPOSE: To synthesize empirical evidence on whether clinician-facing artificial intelligence (AI) tools improve clinical practice guideline adherence...

Willingness to pay among individuals from the Dutch general population for artificial intelligence based apps for skin cancer detection: a survey-based mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: Rising skin cancer incidence increases pressure on the healthcare system. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based mobile health applications (m...

Advanced assay design for characterizing anti-drug antibody responses in clinical serum samples.

Monitoring anti-drug antibody (ADA) responses is critical for evaluating the safety and efficacy of protein therapeutics. While traditional three-tier...

Abnormal functional lateralization and cooperation in primary angle-closure glaucoma correlate with cell type-specific transcriptional signatures.

BACKGROUND: Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) damages retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and is associated with neurodegeneration. This study used rest...