COVID-19

Automated Detection of Taurodontism in Panoramic Radiographs Using a YOLOv8-Based Deep Learning Model.

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based object detection system for the automated detection of taurodontism on panoramic radiographs using the You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) architecture and to compare the diagnostic performance of different model variants. This retrospective diagnostic accuracy study included 247 panoramic radiographs from patients aged 13 years and ...

Decoding common and rare noncoding variant effects across cellular and developmental contexts.

Interpreting how noncoding variants act in specific cell types across human development is a major challenge. Here we generated 3 billion predictions from deep learning sequence models of chromatin accessibility across diverse fetal and adult cellular contexts. These prioritized functional variants and revealed a dichotomy: common variants are more cell-type-specific, whereas ultra-rare variants h...

Comparative overview of Biosimilar regulatory frameworks and international harmonization trends.

INTRODUCTION: Biosimilar development is undergoing regulatory change, with growing emphasis on analytical comparability and targeted clinical pharmaco...

Molecular Landscape and Advanced Diagnostic Technologies for BRAF Mutations in Cancer: From Quantitative PCR and ddPCR to CRISPR-Based Platforms.

BRAF mutations are key oncogenic alterations across multiple malignancies, including melanoma, thyroid carcinoma, colorectal cancer, non-small cell lu...

DeepAdapter: a generalisable algorithm integrating self-supervised learning and unsupervised domain adaptation for robust retinopathy of prematurity screening.

AIMS: To develop and validate DeepAdapter, a novel deep learning algorithm that integrates self-supervised learning (SSL) and unsupervised domain adap...

Simulation of long-term spatio-temporal environmental dynamics using a unified benchmark of neighbor augmenting, LSTM and graph attention models.

Rapid environmental change has increased the need for predicting the long-term geospatial reliably. However, accurately modeling spatio-temporal geosp...

Identification of candidate sex hormone-associated genes and immune infiltration characteristics in osteoarthritis based on bioinformatics analysis and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Sex hormones play critical roles in the pathogenesis and progression of osteoarthritis (OA), yet the hormone-related molecular networks re...

AI-guided meta-analysis of non-invasive prenatal testing platforms for trisomy 21 screening: comparative evaluation of cffDNA and fetal cell-based approaches.

BACKGROUND: Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) remains the most prevalent autosomal aneuploidy, necessitating accurate prenatal diagnosis. While cell-free fet...

Slow-wave-modulated high-frequency oscillations reveal early network abnormalities in pre-pathological 5XFAD mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive disruption of large-scale neural networks, leading to abnormal brain oscillatory activity, ye...

TriNet-MoE: One New Neural Network Framework Based on Mixture of Experts for CXR-Based COVID-19 Detection.

As a low-dose portable imaging technology, chest X-ray (CXR) is widely used for the screening of lung diseases, including COVID-19. However, existing ...

Transcriptomic analysis identifies novel ferroptosis-related biomarkers and therapeutic targets in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

BACKGROUND: Ferroptosis plays a significant role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), although its underlying mechanisms and key pathogenic genes...

Comparative performance of one-stage and two-stage deep learning models for instance segmentation of overhanging dental restorations on bitewing radiographs.

Accurate detection of overhanging dental restorations on bitewing radiographs is clinically important but remains challenging due to subtle marginal d...

Performance evaluation of deep learning based YOLOv5 and YOLOv8 models for real time breast cancer detection in mammographic images.

Breast cancer detection remains a significant challenge in medical diagnostics. Traditional diagnostic methods are time-consuming, unable to detect co...

SERPINA3 and NDRG1 are critical diagnostic immune genes associated with macrophages in preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication involving immune dysregulation. This study aims to identify diagnostic immune biomarkers for PE using ma...

Transformer-based emotion recognition in interactive art: A multimodal neural approach.

Understanding how interactive digital art affects emotional states is essential to advance research into the interface between affective neuroscience ...

Machine learning defines a histone deacetylase-associated transcriptional prognostic signature with single-cell resolution in breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, and transcriptional programs associated with histone deacetylases (HDACs) may pro...

Rapid Identification of Counterfeit Biopharmaceuticals using Portable Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

Biopharmaceuticals are expensive due to their sophisticated manufacturing processes, challenges in analytical characterization, and stringent storage ...

Wave-aware mortality prediction in COVID-19: a multi-stage feature selection and explainable machine-learning framework.

BACKGROUND: Mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients changed markedly across successive epidemic waves as circulating variants shifted, populati...

Multi-omics reveals fibroblast subtypes with distinct roles in inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract involving complex interactions among epi...

Transcription Factors: A Promising Third-Generation Core Sensing Element for Developing Low-Cost, On-Site Rapid Detection Technologies for Food Contaminants.

Biosensors couple biological recognition elements with signal transducers to provide rapid, low-cost alternatives to conventional food analysis. Beyon...