Critical Care

Bacterial taxa associated with lung cancer cases in Southeast Asians: a pilot case-control study.

PURPOSE: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Disruptions in the respiratory microbiome may promote inflammation and carcinogenesis. This study aimed to comprehensively compare genus-level sputum microbiota between lung cancer patients and healthy controls in a multiethnic Southeast Asian population. METHODS: Sputum s...

Context-Aware Sentence Classification of Radiology Reports Using Synthetic Data: Development and Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Automated structuring of radiology reports is essential for data utilization and the development of medical artificial intelligence models. However, manual annotation by experts is labor-intensive, and processing real clinical data through commercial large language models (LLMs) presents significant privacy risks. These challenges are particularly pronounced for non-English languages l...

Deep learning based automated assessment of end-inspiratory pause maneuver reliability in invasive mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE: Manual end-inspiratory pause maneuvers (EIPM) for plateau pressure (Pplat) measurement suffer from significant variability, yet no objectiv...

Consciousness Monitoring and Outcome Prediction Using EEG Connectivity in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Neurological prognostication of patients in post-traumatic coma remains challenging due to the paucity of reliable markers in the acute phase. We aime...

The landscape of artificial intelligence-enabled medical devices in the EU and the US intended for intensive care units.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in healthcare, yet translation into routine intensive care units (ICU) practice remains slow. Throug...

Machine learning for early detection and prediction of sepsis: explainability and key sepsis biomarkers representation-A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically review machine learning-based sepsis prediction studies, examining model explainability and the extent to which explanati...

Multicenter validation and updating of the ELDER-ICU model for severity assessment in elderly critical illness.

The ELDER-ICU model, a machine learning tool for predicting in-hospital mortality in critically ill older adults ( ≥ 65 years), was externally validat...

An interpretable deep learning framework for predictive modeling of postoperative infections in ICU patients.

A significant proportion of intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergo surgical procedures, and some may develop postoperative infections. Accurately ...

Raman analysis of black carbon using artificial neural networks for emission source classification.

Black Carbon (BC), a major component of Particulate Matter (PM), plays a crucial role in air pollution, climate change, and public health impacts, due...

Healthcare-associated infections in Italian long-term care facilities: a machine learning analysis of a 12-month cohort.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the incidence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Italian long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and to evaluate whether ...

Equiflow: An open-source software package for evaluating changes in cohort composition.

Clinical research studies routinely apply exclusion criteria and data preprocessing steps that can substantially alter dataset composition, potentiall...

Transforming oncology clinical trial matching through neuro-symbolic, multi-agent AI and an oncology-specific knowledge graph: a prospective evaluation in 3804 patients.

BACKGROUND: Clinical trial enrollment in oncology remains critically low, with fewer than 5% of eligible adults participating, in large part due to th...

Feasibility study of ultrasound-guided, power-assisted needle insertion for hemodialysis cannulation using an innovative, handheld device.

BACKGROUND: Vascular access (VA) for hemodialysis is achieved through arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), arteriovenous grafts (AVG), or central venous acce...

AI-Assisted Dialysis Decision-Making: Assessing Agreement Between ChatGPT and Nephrologist in Initial Dialysis Indication and Prescription in Emergency and ICU Settings.

BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly explored as a clinical decision-support tool in nephrology; however, its real-world applicabil...

Advances in intelligent multi-mode lateral flow assays: from multi-metallic nanomaterials to smart analytical integration.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have evolved from simple qualitative tools into intelligent, multi-modal analytical platforms that integrate rationally eng...

NQO1-Mediated Anoikis Resistance and Immune Evasion Define a High-Risk Multi-Omic Subtype for Precision Management of T1 High-Grade Bladder Cancer.

T1 high-grade (T1HG) bladder cancer represents an aggressive subset of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with frequent Bacillus Calmette-Guér...

Decision-making for ICU admission: is there a place for AI? Exploring and understanding meaning, experiences, and perspectives.

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for predicting chronic critical illness in ICU patients with acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: To develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to assess the risk of chronic critical illness (CCI) in intensive care unit (ICU) pa...

Comparative evaluation of feature selection methods for HRV-based survival modeling in HIV-positive ICU patients: a retrospective study.

MAF-Net: Multimodal cross-attention-based fusion network for cardiovascular disease classification.

Cardiovascular disease ranks among the leading causes of death globally, posing a severe threat to human health. Consequently, rapid and accurate iden...