Devices and Vaccines

QdaVPR: A novel query-based domain-agnostic model for visual place recognition

Visual place recognition (VPR) aiming at predicting the location of an image based solely on its visual features is a fundamental task in robotics and autonomous systems. Domain variation remains one of the main challenges in VPR and is relatively unexplored. Existing VPR models attempt to achieve domain agnosticism either by training on large-scale datasets that inherently contain some domain var...

3D CBCT Artefact Removal Using Perpendicular Score-Based Diffusion Models

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a widely used 3D imaging technique in dentistry, offering high-resolution images while minimising radiation exposure for patients. However, CBCT is highly susceptible to artefacts arising from high-density objects such as dental implants, which can compromise image quality and diagnostic accuracy. To reduce artefacts, implant inpainting in the sequence of pr...

A Machine Learning Framework for Serogroup Classification of pathogenic species of Leptospira Based on rfb Locus Profiles

Leptospira is a highly diverse genus traditionally classified by serological assays into more than 30 serogroups and over 300 serovars. However, this ...

Streamlining Eligibility Assessment for Alzheimers Disease-Modifying Therapies: Prediction of MMSE Scores Using the Digital Clock and Recall

Introduction: The eligibility of anti-amyloid disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and their integration into clinical practice in some institutions req...

Leveraging large language models to address common vaccination myths and misconceptions

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used by the public to seek health information, yet their reliability in addressing common vaccine myths ...

t2pmhc: A Structure-Informed Graph Neural Network to predict TCR-pMHC Binding

Mapping of T cell receptors (TCRs) to their cognate MHC-presented peptides (pMHC) is central for the development of precision immunotherapies and vacc...

\textsc{Mobile-VTON}: High-Fidelity On-Device Virtual Try-On

Virtual try-on (VTON) has recently achieved impressive visual fidelity, but most existing systems require uploading personal photos to cloud-based GPU...

Biomedical Large Language Models and Prompt Engineering for Causality Assessment of Individual Case Safety Reports in Pharmacovigilance

Background: Biomedical Large Language Models (LLMs) combined with prompt engineering offer domain-specific reasoning, yet their application to individ...

Beyond Human Performance: A Vision-Language Multi-Agent Approach for Quality Control in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

Colony-forming unit (CFU) detection is critical in pharmaceutical manufacturing, serving as a key component of Environmental Monitoring programs and e...

Mobile-O: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation on Mobile Device

Unified multimodal models can both understand and generate visual content within a single architecture. Existing models, however, remain data-hungry a...

Genomic Evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variants Pre- and Post-Omicron Emergence using Alignment-free Machine Learning models

The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.2), initially classified as a variant of concern due to its enhanced transmissibility and vaccine-escape mutatio...

Mobile-O: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation on Mobile Device

Unified multimodal models can both understand and generate visual content within a single architecture. Existing models, however, remain data-hungry a...

SubQuad: Near-Quadratic-Free Structure Inference with Distribution-Balanced Objectives in Adaptive Receptor framework

Comparative analysis of adaptive immune repertoires at population scale is hampered by two practical bottlenecks: the near-quadratic cost of pairwise ...

Collaborative large language models (LLMs) are all you need for screening in systematic reviews

Background: The ability of large language models (LLMs) to work collaboratively and screen studies in a systematic review (SR) is under-explored. Henc...

Universal Image Immunization against Diffusion-based Image Editing via Semantic Injection

Recent advances in diffusion models have enabled powerful image editing capabilities guided by natural language prompts, unlocking new creative possib...

DeepFusion: Accelerating MoE Training via Federated Knowledge Distillation from Heterogeneous Edge Devices

Recent Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)-based large language models (LLMs) such as Qwen-MoE and DeepSeek-MoE are transforming generative AI in natural languag...

Identifying Reasons for ACEI/ARB Non-Use in CKD Using Scalable Clinical NLP with Schema-Guided LLM Augmentation

IMPORTANCE: Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are recommended for people with chronic...

Are Two LLMs Better Than One? A Student-Teacher Dual-Head LLMs Architecture for Pharmaceutical Content Optimization

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to create content in regulated domains such as pharmaceuticals, where outputs must be scientificall...

Benchmarking Large Language Models for Intensive Care Unit Clinical Decision Support: A Dual Safety Evaluation of 26 Models on Consumer Hardware

Background: Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise for clinical decision support in Intensive Care Units (ICU), but their safety and reliability re...

Multi-objective computational design optimization of a Total Disc Replacement implant

While cervical arthroplasty using Total Disc Replacement (TDR) implants is an established treatment for persistent neck and arm pain, revision rates l...