Devices and Vaccines

Cancer Vaccine Adjuvant Name Recognition from Biomedical Literature using Large Language Models

Motivation: An adjuvant is a chemical incorporated into vaccines that enhances their efficacy by improving the immune response. Identifying adjuvant names from cancer vaccine studies is essential for furthering research and enhancing immunotherapies. However, the manual curation from the constantly expanding biomedical literature poses significant challenges. This study explores the automated re...

From Individual Experience to Collective Evidence: A Reporting-Based Framework for Identifying Systemic Harms

When an individual reports a negative interaction with some system, how can their personal experience be contextualized within broader patterns of system behavior? We study the incident database problem, where individual reports of adverse events arrive sequentially, and are aggregated over time. In this work, our goal is to identify whether there are subgroups--defined by any combination of rel...

EventEgo3D++: 3D Human Motion Capture from a Head-Mounted Event Camera

Monocular egocentric 3D human motion capture remains a significant challenge, particularly under conditions of low lighting and fast movements, whic...

A Fair and Optimal Approach to Sequential Healthcare Rationing

The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the urgent need for fair and effective allocation of scarce resources, from hospital beds to vaccine distribution....

SSDD-GAN: Single-Step Denoising Diffusion GAN for Cochlear Implant Surgical Scene Completion

Recent deep learning-based image completion methods, including both inpainting and outpainting, have demonstrated promising results in restoring cor...

Visual Attention Never Fades: Selective Progressive Attention ReCalibration for Detailed Image Captioning in Multimodal Large Language Models

Detailed image captioning is essential for tasks like data generation and aiding visually impaired individuals. High-quality captions require a bala...

Agent-Based Uncertainty Awareness Improves Automated Radiology Report Labeling with an Open-Source Large Language Model

Reliable extraction of structured data from radiology reports using Large Language Models (LLMs) remains challenging, especially for complex, non-En...

Tapor: 3D Hand Pose Reconstruction with Fully Passive Thermal Sensing for Around-device Interactions

This paper presents the design and implementation of Tapor, a privacy-preserving, non-contact, and fully passive sensing system for accurate and rob...

Cortical Temporal Mismatch Compensation in Bimodal Cochlear Implant Users: Selective Attention Decoding and Pupillometry Study

Bimodal stimulation, combining cochlear implant (CI) and acoustic input from the opposite ear, typically enhances speech perception but varies due t...

Regulatory Science Innovation for Generative AI and Large Language Models in Health and Medicine: A Global Call for Action

The integration of generative AI (GenAI) and large language models (LLMs) in healthcare presents both unprecedented opportunities and challenges, ne...

A Comprehensive Study on Fine-Tuning Large Language Models for Medical Question Answering Using Classification Models and Comparative Analysis

This paper presents the overview of the development and fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) designed specifically for answering medical ques...

A Novel Tracking Framework for Devices in X-ray Leveraging Supplementary Cue-Driven Self-Supervised Features

To restore proper blood flow in blocked coronary arteries via angioplasty procedure, accurate placement of devices such as catheters, balloons, and ...

Prediction of Lung Metastasis from Hepatocellular Carcinoma using the SEER Database

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with lung metastases being the most common site of distant spread and...

PaSa: An LLM Agent for Comprehensive Academic Paper Search

We introduce PaSa, an advanced Paper Search agent powered by large language models. PaSa can autonomously make a series of decisions, including invo...

Attention is All You Need Until You Need Retention

This work introduces a novel Retention Layer mechanism for Transformer based architectures, addressing their inherent lack of intrinsic retention ca...

Multi-visual modality micro drone-based structural damage detection

Accurate detection and resilience of object detectors in structural damage detection are important in ensuring the continuous use of civil infrastru...

VirusImmu: a novel ensemble machine learning approach for viral immunogenicity prediction.

The viruses threats provoke concerns regarding their sustained epidemic transmission, making the development of vaccines particularly important. In th...

Phase of Flight Classification in Aviation Safety using LSTM, GRU, and BiLSTM: A Case Study with ASN Dataset

Safety is the main concern in the aviation industry, where even minor operational issues can lead to serious consequences. This study addresses the ...

Large Language Models for Bioinformatics

With the rapid advancements in large language model (LLM) technology and the emergence of bioinformatics-specific language models (BioLMs), there is...

IoT Firmware Version Identification Using Transfer Learning with Twin Neural Networks

As the Internet of Things (IoT) becomes more embedded within our daily lives, there is growing concern about the risk `smart' devices pose to networ...