Devices and Vaccines

Joint associations of device-measured physical activity and sleep duration with incident major adverse cardiovascular events: prospective analysis of the UK Biobank

The interaction between physical activity and sleep with cardiovascular disease remains poorly understood, despite both being key risk factors. This study investigated the independent and joint associations of device-measured physical activity and sleep duration with incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants who wore a wrist-based accelero...

Free-Living Hip Accelerometry Predicts Frailty Status and 12-Month Frailty Decline in Older Adults

Frailty is a clinical syndrome in older adults characterized by heightened vulnerability to adverse outcomes, yet it remains under-assessed in routine practice due to time-intensive evaluation methods. Wearable accelerometers offer a promising approach for passive, continuous frailty monitoring. We analyzed data from 151 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) in the FACE Aging Study who wore ...

Privacy Protection for Chinese Electronic Medical Records Using Large Language Models: Effectiveness Evaluation and Application of LLM Models in Medical Data Tasks

The privacy protection of medical patients has remained a critical concern in healthcare information management during the digital era. Conventional a...

CLINICAL VALIDATION OF SWAASA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE PLATFORM USING COUGH SOUNDS FOR SCREENING AND DIAGNOSIS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES

Analysis of cough sounds have the potential to give a clue regarding the underlying respiratory disease. The Swaasa AI platform using artificial intel...

Automating Handwritten Vaccination Record Transcription with Generative Multimodal AI Models: A Proof of Concept Study from The Gambia

Handwritten home-based vaccination records (HBRs) are a vital source of immunization data, yet manual transcription in household surveys is time-consu...

A Python Toolkit for Simulated Fall Risk Assessment Using Synthetic Wearable Sensor Data

Falls are a leading cause of injury and reduced mobility, particularly among prosthetic users, older adults, and individuals with neuromuscular impair...

Human breast cancer is linked to Epstein-Barr virus because it targets stem cells: bioinformatic chromosome correlations

Breast cancer originates from rare “cancer stem cells”. Stem cells are especially susceptible to becoming cancerous because they readily become differ...

Classifying Adverse Events from SOAP Notes and Sensor Features in a Clinical Trial of Older Adults

Early detection of adverse events and fall injuries may improve patient safety outcomes for clinical trials in geriatric populations. This study evalu...

Regulating Flexibility for Artificial Intelligence FDA Experience with Predetermined Change Control Plans

Predetermined Change Control Plans (PCCPs) are a recent regulatory innovation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) introduced to enable dyna...

Spatial Distribution and Associated Factors Influencing 2024 Measles-Rubella Vaccination Campaign Coverage among Children Aged 9–59 Months in Mainland Tanzania

Globally, measles remains a major cause of child mortality, and rubella is the leading cause of birth defects among all infectious diseases. In Mainla...

Quantitative Analysis of Breast Nuclei Morphology for Cancer Diagnosis Using Supervised Machine Learning

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women worldwide and a major cause of mortality. Early and accurate detection is vital ...

Predicting Intentional Self-Harm Following Psychiatric Discharge in Catalonia, Spain: Machine Learning Models from Linked Registry Data

Patients recently discharged from psychiatric hospitalization are at increased risk of intentional self-harm, including suicide. Using linked populati...

From Sequences to Strategies: Early Detection of New SARS-CoV-2 Variants via Genetic Distance to Reduce Hospitalizations

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical need for robust methods to monitor viral evolution and detect emerging variants of concern (VOCs). Trad...

Candidate Correlates of Protection in the HVTN505 HIV-1 Vaccine Efficacy Trial Identified by Positive-Unlabeled Learning

With a goal of unveiling mechanisms by which vaccines can provide protection against HIV-1 acquisition, several studies have explored correlates of ri...

Machine Learning-Driven Identification of Serotype-Independent Pneumococcal Vaccine Candidates using samples from Human Infection Challenge Studies

Identifying conserved, immunogenic proteins that confer protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation could enable development of serotype-...

Machine Learning Prediction of Pharmacogenetic Test Uptake Among Opioid-Prescribed Patients Using Electronic Health Records: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Opioids are a widely prescribed class of medication for pain management. However, they have variable efficacy and adverse effects among patients, due ...

BeatAI: BiomEtrics for Atrial Arrhythmia Tracking Using Artificial Intelligence

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) affects 20 to 50% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and is associated with longer hospital stays and adv...

Patient friendly summaries of oncology consultations generated by large language models - A pilot study of patient and provider satisfaction

The expanding capacity of large language models allow for improvements in patient and provider healthcare quality and experience. The medical oncology...

Privacy-preserving local language models accurately identify the presence and timing of self-harm in electronic mental health records

Self-harm, defined as intentional self-injury or self-poisoning irrespective of motivation, is the strongest risk factor for suicide and an important ...

Automatic Sleep Staging from CPAP Airflow using a Dual Fusion Multi-Period Convolutional Neural Network

Background: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy is the standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, yet its use as...