Devices and Vaccines

When AI Meets the FDA: An Evaluation of Large Language Models Performance in Regulatory and Clinical Trial Data Extraction, Synthesis, and Analysis

Clinical and population decision-making relies on the systematic evaluation of extensive regulatory evidence. The FDA drug reviews provide detailed information on clinical trial design, enrollment criteria, sample size, randomization, comparators, endpoints, and indications. However, extracting these data is resource-intensive and time-consuming. Generative Artificial Intelligence large language m...

Build fair machine learning models to predict adverse outcomes for Heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)

Heart failure (HF), including heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), remains a major global health challenge, particularly among aging populations. Timely and accurate prediction of severe adverse outcomes associated with HF is critical for optimizing care, reducing disease burden, and improving outcomes. Although social det...

A Comparison of Two Deep Learning Approaches to Distinguish Functional Dissociative from Epileptic Seizures Using Event Videos

Differentiating between motor functional dissociative seizures (FDS) and motor epileptic seizures (ES) is a common diagnostic challenge, requiring vid...

A preregistered, Open Pipeline for Early Cerebral Palsy Risk Assessment from Infant Videos

Cerebral Palsy (CP), affecting approximately 1 in 500 children due to abnormal brain development, impacts movement control. Early risk assessment via ...

Drug-drug interaction identification using large language models

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a significant source of morbidity and adverse drug events (ADEs), particularly in situations of polypharmacy and com...

Quantifying the severity of patient safety events via statistical natural language processing

Medical errors are one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Several public databases have been built to record patient safety events a...

Estrogen upregulates NF-κB and TNF signaling in B cells to cause sex and age differences in antibody responses to seasonal influenza vaccination

Sex differences in the humoral immune responses to the seasonal quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in young adults (YA; 18-49yo) or high dose QIV in...

Automated Sleep Stage and Event Detection Algorithms Using Quality-Controlled PSG Annotations

To develop machine-learning models for sleep stage classification, arousal detection, and respiratory event detection from polysomnography (PSG), and ...

Natural language markers of drug context encoding track neural synchrony and treatment progression in heroin use disorder

Language transforms subjective internal states into observable behavior, enabling investigation of the neurocognitive dynamics central to psychiatric ...

Artificial intelligence in vaccine research and development: an umbrella review.

BACKGROUND: The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines highlighted the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in modern vaccinology,...

IoT and ML-driven framework for managing infectious disease risks in communal spaces: a post-COVID perspective.

COVID-19 has not only changed the way people live but has also altered the way all organizations operate. The most effective precautionary measure aga...

Modeling protective meningococcal antibody responses and factors influencing antibody persistence following vaccination with MenAfriVac using machine learning.

Meningococcal meningitis poses a significant public health burden in the meningitis belt region of sub-Saharan Africa. The introduction of the meningo...

A machine learning framework to adjust for learning effects in medical device safety evaluation.

OBJECTIVES: Traditional methods for medical device post-market surveillance often fail to accurately account for operator learning effects, leading to...

[Artificial intelligence-powered robotic joint surgery:application,research progress,and prospects].

Robotic joint surgery (RJS) has demonstrated high precision and reproducibility in total hip and knee arthroplasty,the integration of artificial intel...

A Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Medical Device Recall by the Food and Drug Administration.

INTRODUCTION: Medical device recalls are important to the practice of emergency medicine, as unsafe devices include many ubiquitous items in emergency...

Vaccination hesitancy: agreement between WHO and ChatGPT-4.0 or Gemini Advanced.

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of individuals use online Artificial Intelligence (AI) - based chatbots to retrieve information on health-related top...

Analyzing Country-Level Vaccination Rates and Determinants of Practical Capacity to Administer COVID-19 Vaccines

The COVID-19 vaccine development, manufacturing, transportation, and administration proved an extreme logistics operation of global magnitude. Globa...

Improving Acoustic Scene Classification in Low-Resource Conditions

Acoustic Scene Classification (ASC) identifies an environment based on an audio signal. This paper explores ASC in low-resource conditions and propo...

Iterative structural coarse-graining for contagion dynamics in complex networks

Contagion dynamics in complex networks drive critical phenomena such as epidemic spread and information diffusion,but their analysis remains computa...

Deep Learning in Image Classification: Evaluating VGG19's Performance on Complex Visual Data

This study aims to explore the automatic classification method of pneumonia X-ray images based on VGG19 deep convolutional neural network, and evalu...